Risk factors of Oral cancer- A hospital based case control study

Azhar, Natasha; Sohail, Maheen; Ahmad, Fareeha; Fareeha, Shaheen; Jamil, Soofia; Mughal, Nouman; Salam, Hira

doi:10.4317/jced.54618

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This study also identified male predilection with a higher mean age at presentation in females which is in concordance with other studies 17,18 . While oral squamous cell carcinoma has reported predilection for tongue in studies from other parts of the world, in the Pakistani population there is a striking predilection for involvement of buccal mucosa in concordance with the present study where buccal mucosa (54%) involvement surpassed tongue (17.3%) involvement significantly [17][18][19][20] . Lymph node involvement is one of the powerful prognostic indicators for metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of Submandibular Gland Metastasis in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of Oral Cavity

2022

PJMD

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Background: The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity, have aggressive biological behavior and is treated with surgical excision, lymph node dissection and submandibular gland excision. However, the submandibular gland is rarely involved by OSCC. The study aimed to identify the prevalence of submandibular gland involvement with metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity patients at a tertiary care center in Pakistan. Methods: The oral cancer patients (139) having wide excisions with neck dissection cases were included from the Dow Diagnostic Research and Reference Laboratory (DDRRL), between May 2017-2019. The cancer cases summary was recorded in a specifically designed protocol. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 21. The Chi-square test was used to find an association between categorical variables and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The male to female ratio was 2.7: 1. A wide age range (20-84 years) with a mean age of 46±13 years. Most patients 48 (34.5%) belonged to >51 years of age group. The most frequently involved sites were Buccal mucosa 75 (52.9%), followed by tongue 24 (17.45%). A significant association was recorded between tumor size and tumor thickness (p<0.005), as well as tumor size and histological grade (p=0.023). In this study, only 3 (2.1%) submandibular glands were involved by metastatic carcinoma. Conclusion: The involvement of the Submandibular gland with metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma prevalence was very low to warrant efforts towards the preservation of gland in early-stage patients. Keywords: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Submandibular Gland; Neck Dissection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of Submandibular Gland Metastasis in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of Oral Cavity

2022

PJMD

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“…In another study, the association between the usage of smokeless tobacco products (gutka, paan, naswar) and oral inflammation was significant. 19 Few Pakistani studies, [20][21][22] also support our finding. In one study by Abbas et al in 2014, it was reported that almost 34% of tobacco users were not educated, and more than 80% were diagnosed with HNCs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Important factors to consider in this regard are lack of awareness, limited diagnostic tools, low socioeconomic conditions and late presentation. The proportion of smokeless tobacco consumption is also high in Pakistan, and the majority of the people consume smokeless tobacco due 11 among cases and 37%, 11 among healthy controls, power of test 80%and 95% confidence level. The estimated sample size came out as 76 cases and 76 in controls, but we have included 150 cases and 150 controls for the adequacy of results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smokeless Tobacco Use and Its Association with Head and Neck Tumors and its relationship with Ethnicity; A Hospital Based Study

Nouman

Haider²,

Beg³

et al. 2022

PAFMJ

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Objective: To identify smokeless tobacco as a risk factor in the development of head and neck cancers and to assess the role of ethnicity in the use of smokeless tobacco in developing head and neck cancers. Study Design: Case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi Pakistan, from Dec 2018 to Jun 2019. Methodology: Three hundred patients, aged 18-85 years of either gender were included in the study. Cases were the patients visiting Oncology OPD with biopsy-proven head and neck cancers (HNCs). Controls were patients presenting at the same hospital for a routine checkup. We interviewed participants by using a pre-designed proforma. Results: The mean age of the cases and controls were reported as 49.26±13.51 years and 40.12±14.89 years, respectively. Majority of the participants were consuming pan (37.0%), gutka (22.6%), tobacco (21.3%), betel nut (19.6%), naswar (12.0%) and mainpuri (9.0%). The participants who consumed tobacco (OR:2.95), gutka (OR:2.39), mainpuri (OR:4.89), pan (OR:2.06) and betel nut (OR:2.28) were times more likely to develop HNCs than those who did not consume tobacco, gutka, mainpuri, pan and betel nut (p<0.05). Among Urdu speaking, the participants who consumed tobacco (OR: 2.49), pan (OR:10.35), and betel nut (OR:3.34), had times more likely to develop HNCs than those who did not consume tobacco, pan and betel nut. Conclusion: Mainpuri, naswar, betel quid, and betel nut significantly affect the oral health of people and are potential risk factors for the development of risk factors.

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“…Spreading awareness regarding risk factors of oral cancer and prevention efforts can definitely help reduce the incidence of oral cancer. 18 Clinical presentation of oral cancer exhibits substantial variation and can be non-specific, which can hinder diagnosis. Most of the patients with oral cancer presents with signs and symptoms of locally advanced disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Cancer Awareness among Dental Patients

Bajracharya

Dahal

Deo

2021

Med. J. Shree Birendra Hosp.

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Introduction: The incidence of oral cancer in South Asian countries, including Nepal is increasing despite the fact that all of its risk factors are modifiable. This can be attributed to lack of awareness regarding oral cancer and its risk factors among general public. This study was conducted among subjects attending Dental OPD of a tertiary hospital to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding oral cancer and also practices of risk factors associated with it. Methods: This is a questionnaire based cross-sectional study conducted from July 2020 to October 2020. Subjects attending Dental OPD of a tertiary hospital in Kathmandu were asked to fill a structured close-ended Questionnaire. Section one of the questionnaire focused on the demographic data of the subjects, second part elicited information pertaining to knowledge of oral cancer, third part focused on attitude and fourth part on practices of participants towards risk factors of oral cancer. Result: Out of 300 subjects, 65% were males. Most were in the age group 41 - 50 years and 75.6% were literate. Majority mentioned smokeless tobacco as the risk factor, followed by smoking and alcohol. Regarding signs and symptoms, most of the participants mentioned non-healing ulcer, followed by lump and pain. Most of the participants responded tongue as the most common site of oral cancer. Majority answered that oral cancer can be prevented by not chewing tobacco. Among the total, 55.3% said oral cancer is non-contagious. Only 25% had undergone oral examination in the last one year. 31.7% had habit of tobacco and / or alcohol. Conclusions: The awareness level and knowledge about risk factors and early signs of oral cancer in this cross-section of dental patients were satisfactory. Key words: awareness; oral cancer; risk factors; tobacco

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Risk factors of Oral cancer- A hospital based case control study

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Prevalence of Submandibular Gland Metastasis in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of Oral Cavity

Prevalence of Submandibular Gland Metastasis in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of Oral Cavity

Smokeless Tobacco Use and Its Association with Head and Neck Tumors and its relationship with Ethnicity; A Hospital Based Study

Oral Cancer Awareness among Dental Patients

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