Risk factors of infant mortality in Bangladesh

Vijay, Jyoti; Patel, Kamalesh Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.cegh.2019.07.003

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(14 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present study, a higher risk of death was found among smaller than average birth weight infants which had a higher risk of death by 28% than average birth weight infants. This finding is in line with existing literatures [ 15 , 19 , 29 ]. Possibly small birth weight infants are more venerable to neonatal sepsis, hypoglycemia and hypothermia at birth than average birth weight infants, and more likely preterm births; which lead to more risk of death [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Time to death and its associated factors among infants in sub-Saharan Africa using the recent demographic and health surveys: shared frailty survival analysis

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Globally, approximately 4.1 million infants died, accounting for 75% of all under-five deaths. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), infant mortality was 52.7/1000 live births in 2018 This study aimed to assess the pooled estimate of infant mortality rate (IMR), time to death, and its associated factors in SSA using the recent demographic and health survey dataset between 2010 and 2018. Methods Data were retrieved from the standard demographic and health survey datasets among 33 SSA countries. A total of 93,765 samples were included. The data were cleaned using Microsoft Excel and STATA software. Data analysis was done using R and STATA software. Parametric shared frailty survival analysis was employed. Statistical significance was declared as a two-side P-value < 0.05. Results The pooled estimate of IMR in SSA was 51 per 1000 live births (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 46.65–55.21). The pooled estimate of the IMR was 53 in Central, 44 in Eastern, 44 in Southern, and 57 in Western Africa per 1000 live births. The cumulative survival probability at the end of 1 year was 56%. Multiple births (Adjusted Hazard ratio (AHR) = 2.68, 95% CI: 2.54–2.82), low birth weight infants (AHR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.22–1.34), teenage pregnancy (AHR = 1.19, 95 CI: 1.10–1.29), preceding birth interval < 18 months (AHR = 3.27, 95% CI: 3.10–3.45), birth order ≥ four (AHR = 1.14, 95% CI:1.10–1.19), home delivery (AHR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04–1.13), and unimproved water source (AHR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.13), female sex (AHR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83–0.89), immediately breastfeed (AHR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.23–0.25), and educated mother (AHR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.82–0. 95) and educated father (AHR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85–0.96) were statistically significant factors for infant mortality. Conclusion Significant number of infants died in SSA. The most common cause of infant death is a preventable bio-demographic factor. To reduce infant mortality in the region, policymakers and other stakeholders should pay attention to preventable bio-demographic risk factors, enhance women education and improved water sources.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…This study revealed that infant death was reduced by 14% among female infants as compared to male infants which is supported by different kinds of literature [ 15 – 19 ]. Another study, the infant’s survival differences among the male and female infants were not observed [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Time to death and its associated factors among infants in sub-Saharan Africa using the recent demographic and health surveys: shared frailty survival analysis

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is because early fetal lung maturity is more likely to occur in a female neonate, which will protect against respiratory diseases [33]. This finding is in line with findings from other studies [31,34]. The birth type was a statistically significant predictor of neonatal mortality.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Besides, the risks of death for neonates with larger birth size were higher than average birth size. This result is similar to [19,34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Risk factor of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: multilevel analysis of 2016 Demographic and Health Survey

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background In sub-Saharan African countries, neonatal mortality rates remain unacceptably high. Ethiopia is one of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa with the highest death rates of newborn children. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with neonatal mortality in Ethiopia at the individual and community level. Methods The 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data was accessed and used for the analysis. A total of 2449 newborn children were included in the analysis. The multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify the significant factor of neonatal mortality. Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 in the multilevel model was reported. Results A total of 2449 newborn children were included in this study. Multiple birth type (AOR = 3.18; 95% CI 2.78, 3.63), birth order of ≥ 5 (AOR = 2.15; 95% CI 1.75, 2.64), pre-term birth (AOR = 5.97; 95% CI 4.96, 7.20), no antenatal care (ANC) visit during pregnancy (AOR = 2.33; 95% CI 2.09, 2.61), not received TT injection during pregnancy (AOR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.92, 2.71), delivered at home (AOR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.48, 2.69), less than 24 months of preceding birth interval (AOR = 1.51; 95% CI 1.35,1.68), smaller birth size (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.46, 1.71), never breastfeeding (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI 2.17, 2.72), poor wealth index (AOR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.17,1.41), non-educated mothers (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.46, 1.71), non-educated fathers (AOR = 1.32; 95% CI 1.12, 1.54), rural residence (AOR = 2.71; 95% CI 2.23, 3.29), unprotected water source (AOR = 1.35; 95% CI 1.16, 1.58), and have no latrine facility (AOR = 1.78; 95% CI 1.50, 2.12) were associated with a higher risk of neonatal mortality. Neonates living in Amhara, Oromia, Somali, Harari, and Dire Dawa had a higher risk of neonatal mortality compared to Tigray. Moreover, the random effects result showed that about 85.57% of the variation in neonatal mortality was explained by individual- and community-level factors. Conclusions The findings suggest that attention be paid to education-based programs for mothers that would highlight the benefits of delivery care services, such as ANC visits, TT injections, and facility births. Meanwhile, public health initiatives should focus on expanding access to quality sanitation facilities, especially for latrines and drinking water that could improve neonatal health at the community-level as a whole.

show abstract

“…Poor socioeconomic condition of the family leads to high infant deaths due to less utilisation of healthcare services during pregnancy and after birth. 45 46 Study results revealed that from 2011 to 2014, urban areas achieved socioeconomic equity in infant survival, while the extent of inequity increased in rural areas. In terms of healthcare facilities, there exists a substantial gap between urban and rural areas of Bangladesh.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Revisit the correlates of infant mortality in Bangladesh: findings from two nationwide cross-sectional studies

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveThe main objective of this study is to investigate how the direction and strength of the association between infant mortality and its predictors are changing over time in Bangladesh using a nationally representative sample for the period 2011–2014.Design, setting and participantsData from two repeatedly cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHSs) for the years 2011 and 2014 were used. A total of 7664 (with 312 infant death) and 7048 (with 264 infant death) complete cases, respectively, from BDHS 2011 and 2014 datasets were included in the study.MethodsCox’s proportional hazard model with robust standard error (SE) that adjusts for the complex survey design characteristics was implemented to assess how the risk factors associated with infant mortality change their paths.ResultsResults reflected that administrative division remained as a potential risk factor of infant death for both periods. Household’s socioeconomic status, father’s employment status, age difference between parents turned out to be potential risk factors in 2014, though they did not show any significant association with infant death in the year 2011. In contrast to 2011, mothers’ individual-level characteristics such as age at childbirth, education, media exposure, employment status did not remain as significant risk factors for infant death in 2014. Younger fathers increased the burden of death among infants of adolescent mothers. At higher order births, the burden of infant death significantly shifted from rural to urban areas. From the year 2011 to 2014, urban areas achieved socioeconomic equity in infant survival, while the extent of inequity was increased in rural areas.ConclusionCommunity-based programmes should be designed for urban mothers who are expecting higher order births. To eradicate the socioeconomic inequity in infant survival, the government should design strong and sustainable maternal and child healthcare facilities, especially for rural areas.

show abstract

Risk factors of infant mortality in Bangladesh

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Time to death and its associated factors among infants in sub-Saharan Africa using the recent demographic and health surveys: shared frailty survival analysis

Time to death and its associated factors among infants in sub-Saharan Africa using the recent demographic and health surveys: shared frailty survival analysis

Risk factor of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: multilevel analysis of 2016 Demographic and Health Survey

Revisit the correlates of infant mortality in Bangladesh: findings from two nationwide cross-sectional studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About