Risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in an urban community in Northeast Brazil and the relationship between the infection and gastric diseases

Abstract

The increased risk of H. pylori infection associated with non-treated water consumption indicates the need for improvements in public water treatment and better sanitary conditions because these can be a source of not only H. pylori infections but also other water-borne pathogen infections.

The Effect of Probiotic Supplement as Adjuvant Therapy on Dyspeptic Symptoms and Quality of Life during Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy in a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Peptic Ulcer Disease

“…After 8 weeks of treatment, there was highly significant increase in the eight domains of the SF-8 score (PF, RP, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE, MH, PCS and MCS) in all 4 groups compared to pretreatment (P˂0.01), but no significant difference between the study groups after treatment was noticed (P˃0.05) (Figure 1) In the present study and in other studies, both genders have a higher rate of infection with H. pylori microrganism with slight predominance towards male patients in this study and others [10,11] , or towards female gender in other studies [12][13][14] . Moreover, H. pylori infection mostly presents within (21-40) years age groups in this study, and a lower prevalence rate of H. pylori infection was noticed in the elderly among all study groups.…”

[Article Partial Retraction] Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Dyspeptic Patients and Its Association With Clinical Risk Factors for Developing Gastric Adenocarcinoma

“…In Brazil, the prevalence of H. pylori infection can range up to 90% in more impoverished areas (5) . These indices are higher in older populations and are region specific, which confirms that economic status and hygiene are risk factors for H. pylori infection (6) .…”

“…The risk factors for H. pylori infection are sex (10) , age (11,12) , smoking (13) , alcohol consumption (14) , contaminated food (12) , untreated water intake (5) , family size (15) , bed sharing (16) , poor living conditions in childhood (17) , educational (13) and socioeconomic level (18) , hygiene (19) , and family medical history of gastric disease (11) .…”

“…pylori infection is primarily observed in children and may remain asymptomatic until adulthood (20) . At this stage, the infection provokes abdominal pain (5) , anorexia (21) , gastrointestinal bleeding, and antral modularity (16) .…”

“…The development of gastric pathologies is directly associated with H. pylori infection, which induces mild to moderate gastritis (5) , gastroenteritis and peptic ulcer (10) . These conditions often lead to intestinal metaplasia (22) , and gastric cancer (23) .…”