Risk factors of endometrial cancer in patients with endometrial hyperplasia: implication for clinical treatments

Abstract

Background Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is commonly-seen in the patients with endometrial cancer (EC), we aimed to evaluated the risk factors of EC in patients with EH, to provide evidence to the clinical prevention and treatment of EC. Methods This study was a retrospective study design. EH patients confirmed by pathological examinations and treated with hysterectomy in our hospital from June 1, 2018 to February 28, 2021 were included. The clinical characteristics of EC and no-EC patients were compared and analyzed. Logistics regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the risk factors of EC in patients with EH. Results A total of 228 EH patients were included, the incidence of EC in the EH patients was 31.58%. There were significant differences in the age, BMI, diabetes, hypertension and pathology of EH between EC and no EC groups (all P < 0.05), no significant differences in the hyperlipidemia, preoperative CA125, number of deliveries, menopause and endometrial thickness between EC and no EC groups were found (all P > 0.05). Logistic regression analyses indicated that age > 50 y (OR 3.064, 95% CI 1.945–5.931), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR 2.705, 95% CI 1.121–3.889), diabetes (OR 3.049, 95% CI 1.781–5.114), hypertension (OR 2.725, 95% CI 1.108–3.431) and severe hyperplasia (OR 3.181, 95% CI 1.496–4.228) were the risk factors of EC in patients with EH (all P < 0.05). Conclusions The risk of EC in EH patients is high, especially for those patients with age > 50 y, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, diabetes, hypertension and severe hyperplasia, special attentions should be paid for occurrence of EC and early diagnosis and early treatment are needed for those patients.

Association of Endometrial Cancer Risk With Hypertension- an updated meta-analysis of case-control studies

“…These ndings are consistent with a meta-analysis conducted by Aune et al [46], where an OR of 1.61 was obtained (however, when considering only case-control studies, the OR was 1.73). Moreover, the study conducted by Zhao and colleagues showed an OR of 2.7 (although the study group was relatively small) [71]. The role of hypertension in the development of endometrial cancer was also demonstrated in the studies by Yang and colleagues [72], as well as Giordano and colleagues [73].…”

Sociodemographic characteristics associated with indications for surgical menopause in women: a retrospective study

“…Zhao et al, evaluated the risk factors for endometrial cancer in patients with endometrial hyperplasia. They found that the incidence of endometrial cancer was 31.58% in a total of 228 patients with endometrial hyperplasia, of whom 72 had endometrial cancer 20 . In this study, the first two SM indications were myoma uteri and AUB, and the fifth SM indication was endometrial hyperplasia.…”

Endometrial Cancer in Reproductive-Aged Females: Etiology and Pathogenesis

“…In a study by Lachance et al (2006), the average BMI of patients <45 yo was 40.3 kg/m 2 compared to older patients (35.3 kg/m 2 in 46-64 yo and 31.0 kg/m 2 in those >65 yo) [7]. In a meta-analysis of BMI, the risk of EC increased more obviously when BMI was 25 or greater [23,30]. In one study by Pellerin & Finan (2005), 71% of patients <45 yo with EC had a BMI of 30 or greater [31].…”