Risk factors of dermatophytosis among Korean adults

Son, Joon Ho; Doh, Jee Yun; Kim, Yeong Ho; Han, Ju Hee; Bang, Chul Hwan; Park, Young Min; Lee, Ji Hyun

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-17744-5

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Despite the high rates of self-diagnosis, factors associated with superficial fungal infections (e.g., older age, diabetes, and Hispanic ethnicity for fungal nail infection and male sex for ringworm) were generally consistent with other studies [ 6 , 9 , 10 ]. Other previously reported risk factors for onychomycosis include nail trauma, immunosuppression, and tinea pedis [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

High Frequency of Self-Diagnosis and Self-Treatment in a Nationally Representative Survey about Superficial Fungal Infections in Adults—United States, 2022

Benedict

Gold

et al. 2022

JoF

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Data about the prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and public knowledge of superficial fungal infections in the United States are scarce. These infections are a growing concern given the emergence of antifungal drug resistance. We analyzed data from a national survey of nearly 6000 U.S. adults. Overall, 114 (2.7%) participants reported having ringworm and 415 (10.0%) reported a fungal nail infection in the past 12 months; 61.4% of participants with any superficial fungal infection were self-diagnosed. Most patients (55.5%) used over-the-counter antifungals. The common nature of superficial fungal infections and the high rates of self-diagnosis and treatment indicate that community education about these infections should be considered a public health priority.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

High Frequency of Self-Diagnosis and Self-Treatment in a Nationally Representative Survey about Superficial Fungal Infections in Adults—United States, 2022

Benedict

Gold

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Several risk factors for dermatophytosis have been proposed. Among them are age (>60 years), gender (male patients), co-occurrence of other medical conditions (e.g., circulatory disorders, diabetes, excessive sweating, hypertension, ichthyosis, psoriasis, obesity, trauma, secondary immunodeficiencies), and race [ 154 , 155 ].…”

Section: Fungal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Manifestations of Human Exposure to Fungi

Oliveira

Lisboa

et al. 2023

JoF

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Biological particles, along with inorganic gaseous and particulate pollutants, constitute an ever-present component of the atmosphere and surfaces. Among these particles are fungal species colonizing almost all ecosystems, including the human body. Although inoffensive to most people, fungi can be responsible for several health problems, such as allergic fungal diseases and fungal infections. Worldwide fungal disease incidence is increasing, with new emerging fungal diseases appearing yearly. Reasons for this increase are the expansion of life expectancy, the number of immunocompromised patients (immunosuppressive treatments for transplantation, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiency diseases), the number of uncontrolled underlying conditions (e.g., diabetes mellitus), and the misusage of medication (e.g., corticosteroids and broad-spectrum antibiotics). Managing fungal diseases is challenging; only four classes of antifungal drugs are available, resistance to these drugs is increasing, and no vaccines have been approved. The present work reviews the implications of fungal particles in human health from allergic diseases (i.e., allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, severe asthma with fungal sensitization, thunderstorm asthma, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, and occupational lung diseases) to infections (i.e., superficial, subcutaneous, and systemic infections). Topics such as the etiological agent, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment will be revised to improve the knowledge of this growing health concern.

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“…Acute inflammatory forms of dermatophytosis can have no symptoms at all or can be life‐threatening. Due to the high cost of therapy, dermatophytosis is a substantial financial burden 1,2 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the high cost of therapy, dermatophytosis is a substantial financial burden. 1,2 A retrospective analysis of the hereditary propensity to dermatophytoses revealed at least several proven genetic relationships such as race, CARD9 deficiency, HLA-DR4 and HLA-DR8 type and genes encoding interleukin-22, β-defensin 2 and 4 as well as genetic defects in dectin-1, which increased the prevalence of dermatophytosis in families and were involved in the inheritance of susceptibility in family members. 1 Deficiency of SERPINB7 (Nagashima-type…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Kallikrein Related Peptidase 3 (KLK3) gene with dermatophytosis in the UK biobank cohort

Lehrer,

Rheinstein

2023

Mycoses

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BackgroundIn a previous genome wide association study (GWAS) of UK Biobank (UKB) data, we identified one susceptibility locus, tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen (TINAG), with genome wide significance for dermatophytosis. We used genotype calls from file UKB22418. These data are derived directly from Affymetrix DNA microarrays but are missing many genotype calls. Using computationally efficient approaches, UKB has entered imputed genotypes into a second dataset, UKB22828, increasing the number of testable variants by over 100‐fold to 96 million variants.MethodsIn the current study, we used UKB imputed genotypes in UKB22828 to identify dermatophytosis susceptibility loci. To identify cases of dermatophytosis, we used ICD10 code B35, which covers tinea barbae, tinea capitis, tinea unguium, tinea manuum, tinea pedis, tinea corporis, tinea imbricata, tinea cruris, other dermatophytoses and dermatophytosis, unspecified. We used PLINK, a whole‐genome association analysis toolset, to analyse the UKB22828 chromosome files.ResultsGWAS summary (Manhattan) plot of the meta‐analysis association statistics highlighted two susceptibility loci, TINAG and Kallikrein Related Peptidase 3 (KLK3), with genome wide significance for dermatophytosis. KLK3, also known as prostate specific antigen (PSA), belongs to a subclass of serine proteases with a variety of physiological functions.ConclusionKLK3 may be a dermatophytosis susceptibility gene. KLK3 could affect risk of dermatophytosis, since kallikreins are necessary for normal homeostasis of the skin.

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Risk factors of dermatophytosis among Korean adults

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

High Frequency of Self-Diagnosis and Self-Treatment in a Nationally Representative Survey about Superficial Fungal Infections in Adults—United States, 2022

High Frequency of Self-Diagnosis and Self-Treatment in a Nationally Representative Survey about Superficial Fungal Infections in Adults—United States, 2022

Clinical Manifestations of Human Exposure to Fungi

Association of Kallikrein Related Peptidase 3 (KLK3) gene with dermatophytosis in the UK biobank cohort

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