Risk factors of anemia amongst elderly population living at high-altitude region of India

Gupta, Aakriti; Pandey, Ravindra Mohan; Sati, Hem Chandra; Khandelwal, Ritika; Khenduja, Preetika; Kapil, Umesh

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_468_19

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This is consistent with other studies that documented a significant relationship between Vitamin D deficiency with measures of intrinsic capacity including lower handgrip strength and gait speed 39 , and outcomes specific to older adults, such as sarcopenia 40 . Moreover, anaemia in older populations particularly women, is common in India and in other LMICs 37 ; studies also document its significant association with sarcopenia and handgrip strength 41 . Unsurprisingly, increasing age showed a consistent inverse association with handgrip strength in each of the six countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That being noted, identifying pathways that lead to lower hand grip strength and policy options to increase equity, is highly relevant. For example, in relation to nutritional status, studies have shown a substantial proportion of older adults in India were underweight (38%), anaemic and experiencing food insecurity (17%) 36,37 . In addition, the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency was reported to be higher in South Asian countries such as India 38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socioeconomic differences in handgrip strength and its association with measures of intrinsic capacity among older adults in six middle-income countries

Arokiasamy

Selvamani

Jotheeswaran

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Handgrip strength, a measure of muscular strength is a powerful predictor of declines in intrinsic capacity, functional abilities, the onset of morbidity and mortality among older adults. This study documents socioeconomic (SES) differences in handgrip strength among older adults aged 50 years and over in six middle-income countries and investigates the association of handgrip strength with measures of intrinsic capacity—a composite of all the physical and mental capacities of an individual. Secondary data analysis of cross-sectional population-based data from six countries from the WHO’s Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 1 were conducted. Three-level linear hierarchical models examine the association of demographic, socioeconomic status and multimorbidity variables with handgrip strength. Regression-based Relative Index of Inequality (RII) examines socioeconomic inequalities in handgrip strength; and multilevel linear and logistic hierarchical regression models document the association between handgrip strength and five domains of intrinsic capacity: locomotion, psychological, cognitive capacity, vitality and sensory. Wealth quintiles are positively associated with handgrip strength among men across all countries except South Africa while the differences by education were notable for China and India. Work and nutritional status are positively associated with handgrip strength. Our findings provide new evidence of robust association between handgrip strength and other measures of intrinsic capacity and confirms that handgrip strength is a single most important measure of capacity among older persons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic differences in handgrip strength and its association with measures of intrinsic capacity among older adults in six middle-income countries

Arokiasamy

Selvamani

Jotheeswaran

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…The prevalence of anemia increases with age, representing an important health problem among older individuals in India and in the world. [3][4][5] Unfortunately, many symptoms of anemia like weakness, fatigue, and shortness of breath are often misdiagnosed as normal phenomena in elderly individuals. Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) and nutritional anemia especially due to iron de ciency (IDA) are the two most common causes of anemia in the elderly population and these two conditions are often found to coexist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of supplementation of a package of iron folic acid (IFA) with probiotics on hemoglobin levels in elderly with mild to moderate anemia: Protocol for a double blind randomized controlled trial (PRobiotics in Anemia Trial for Healthy Ageing Management - PRATHAM)

Ahamed,

Das,

Lepcha

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Anemia is a major health concern of the elderly with iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic diseases being the two major causes of anemia. Probiotics help in anemia correction in several ways. It increases oral iron absorption by directly modulating immunity, eliciting an anti-inflammatory response, reducing ferric iron to bioavailable ferrous iron, and enhancing iron uptake by enterocytes. This is especially relevant in old age, as aging is associated with age-related gradual attrition of protective organisms in gut microbiota. As there are no studies on the efficacy of probiotics supplementation in anemia management in the elderly, a study has been planned to determine the impact of supplementation of a therapeutic package of Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) and probiotics on hemoglobin levels in elderly with mild to moderate anemia in comparison to IFA only. Methods This community-based randomized controlled trial will be conducted in the Kalyani Municipality area of Nadia district, West Bengal, India. Individuals aged 60 years and above with mild to moderate anemia will be randomized into the intervention (IFA and probiotics) and control group (IFA and placebo gelatin capsules containing ORS). The medications will be self-administered. The calculated sample size is 100 in each arm. Block randomization will be done. Participants will be followed up weekly for 12 weeks. Discussion Changes in hemoglobin, ferritin, hepcidin, C-reactive protein (CRP), composition, and diversity of the gut microbiome from baseline to 12 weeks in both groups will be assessed. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of AIIMS Kalyani (Ref. No: IEC /AIIMS / Kalyani / Meeting/ 2023 / 020). Trial Registration Number: The trial was registered in Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI) (CTRI/2023/09/057830) on 19.09.2023 Protocol version: Version: 1.0

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“…The prevalence of anaemia increases with age, representing an important health problem among older individuals. Worldwide, every fourth individual aged 60 years or above is anaemic,4 and in India, the prevalence ranges between 21% and 92% 5 6. Unfortunately, many symptoms of anaemia like weakness, fatigue and shortness of breath are often misdiagnosed as normal phenomena in elderly individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies have reported that anaemia in the elderly is a significant public health problem with prevalence ranging from 23% to 92% 5 6 19–21. The severity of anaemia has been reported to increase with age, especially after 80 years of age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of supplementation with iron–folic acid (IFA) and vitamin D₃compared with IFA alone on haemoglobin levels in elderly people with mild-to-moderate anaemia: protocol for the double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled Iron and vitamin D trial in Elderly Anemia (IDEA)

Ahamed,

Jaiswal,

Sahoo

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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IntroductionAnaemia in the elderly is often difficult to treat with iron supplementation alone as prevalence of anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) alone or mixed with iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) is high in this age group. Hepcidin remains high in ACD, preventing utilisation of iron for heme synthesis. Vitamin D3has shown hepcidin suppression activity in both in vitro and in vivo studies. As there is no study assessing the effect of iron–folic acid (IFA) with vitamin D3on haemoglobin levels in the elderly in India, we want to conduct this study to estimate the impact of supplementation of a therapeutic package of IFA and vitamin D3on haemoglobin levels in the elderly with mild-to-moderate anaemia in comparison with IFA only. The study will also assess the impact of the proposed intervention on ferritin, hepcidin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, C reactive protein (CRP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.Methods and analysisThis study is a community-based, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. The study will be done in the Kalyani municipality area. Individuals aged ≥60 years with mild-to-moderate anaemia and normal vitamin D3levels will be randomised into the intervention (IFA and vitamin D3supplementation) group or the control group (IFA and olive oil as placebo). All medications will be self-administered. Follow-up will be done on a weekly basis for 12 weeks. The calculated sample size is 150 in each arm. Block randomisation will be done. The primary outcome is change in haemoglobin levels from baseline to 12 weeks. Secondary outcome is change in serum ferritin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, hepcidin, CRP and PTH levels from baseline to 12 weeks.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee of All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani has been obtained (IEC/AIIMS/Kalyani/Meeting/2022/03). Written informed consent will be obtained from each study participant. The trial results will be reported through publication in a reputable journal and disseminated through health talks within the communities.Trial registration numberCTRI/2022/05/042775.Protocol versionVersion 1.0.

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Risk factors of anemia amongst elderly population living at high-altitude region of India

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Socioeconomic differences in handgrip strength and its association with measures of intrinsic capacity among older adults in six middle-income countries

Socioeconomic differences in handgrip strength and its association with measures of intrinsic capacity among older adults in six middle-income countries

Impact of supplementation of a package of iron folic acid (IFA) with probiotics on hemoglobin levels in elderly with mild to moderate anemia: Protocol for a double blind randomized controlled trial (PRobiotics in Anemia Trial for Healthy Ageing Management - PRATHAM)

Impact of supplementation with iron–folic acid (IFA) and vitamin D₃compared with IFA alone on haemoglobin levels in elderly people with mild-to-moderate anaemia: protocol for the double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled Iron and vitamin D trial in Elderly Anemia (IDEA)

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Risk factors of anemia amongst elderly population living at high-altitude region of India

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Socioeconomic differences in handgrip strength and its association with measures of intrinsic capacity among older adults in six middle-income countries

Socioeconomic differences in handgrip strength and its association with measures of intrinsic capacity among older adults in six middle-income countries

Impact of supplementation of a package of iron folic acid (IFA) with probiotics on hemoglobin levels in elderly with mild to moderate anemia: Protocol for a double blind randomized controlled trial (PRobiotics in Anemia Trial for Healthy Ageing Management - PRATHAM)

Impact of supplementation with iron–folic acid (IFA) and vitamin D3compared with IFA alone on haemoglobin levels in elderly people with mild-to-moderate anaemia: protocol for the double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled Iron and vitamin D trial in Elderly Anemia (IDEA)

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About

Impact of supplementation with iron–folic acid (IFA) and vitamin D₃compared with IFA alone on haemoglobin levels in elderly people with mild-to-moderate anaemia: protocol for the double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled Iron and vitamin D trial in Elderly Anemia (IDEA)