Risk Factors of Acute Radiation-Induced Lung Injury Induced by Radiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer

Abstract

Objective. To investigate the risk factors of acute radiation-induced lung injury (acute RILI) induced by radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Methods. A total of 206 patients with esophageal cancer who received radiotherapy in our hospital from January 2017 to March 2020 were selected. The general data such as gender, age, and comorbidities of the patients were collected, as well as the levels of cytokines (TNF-α, TNF-β, and IL-6) in peripheral blood before radiotherapy; radiotherapy dose-related parameters were recorded during radiotherapy. Follow-up was 12 months after radiotherapy. The patients with induced acute RILI after radiotherapy were set as the observation group ( n = 75 ). Patients without acute RILI after radiotherapy were set as the control group ( n = 131 ). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the risk factors of acute RILI induced by radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Results. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the combined diabetes, total radiation dose, combined lung disease, physical factors (V30, Dmean), and preradiotherapy cytokine (TNF-α, TNF-β, and IL-6) elevated level was an independent risk factor for radiotherapy-induced acute RILI in esophageal cancer ( P < 0.05 ).Conclusion. Concomitant diabetes, total radiation dose, lung disease, physical factors (V30, Dmean), and levels of cytokines (TNF-α, TNF-β, and IL-6) before radiation therapy are risk factors for acute RILI induced by radiation therapy in esophageal cancer. The possibility of acute RILI should be comprehensively assessed according to the patient’s condition, and the radiotherapy regimen should be adjusted to reduce and avoid the induction of acute radiation-induced lung injury.

Nomogram based on circulating lymphocyte subsets for predicting radiation pneumonia in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

“…However, these factors showed limited efficiency for individualized RP prediction. As is well known, RT can induce an immune response through the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the regulation of immune cells ( 18 , 19 ), while RP has a closed connection with inflammatory cells infiltrated ( 20 , 21 ). Specially, lymphocyte was show to closely related to the risk of RP, with the recruitment of lymphocyte in the process of RP ( 22 , 23 ).…”

Retracted: Risk Factors of Acute Radiation‐Induced Lung Injury Induced by Radiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [1]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process:…”

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [ 1 ]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process: Discrepancies in scope Discrepancies in the description of the research reported Discrepancies between the availability of data and the research described Inappropriate citations Incoherent, meaningless and/or irrelevant content included in the article Peer-review manipulation …”