Risk factors involved in orofacial cleft predisposition – review

Abstract

Clefts that occur in children are a special topic. Avoiding risk factors, and also an early diagnosis of cleft possibility can result in minimizing or avoiding them. If on the other hand when clefts occur they require a long-term, multistage specialized treatment. Etiology of clefts seems to be related to many factors. Factors such as genetic, environmental, geographic and even race factors are important. Identification of risk factors can lead to prevention and prophylactic behaviors in order to minimize its occurrence. Exposure to environmental factors at home and work that lead to cleft predisposition should not be disregarded. It seems that before planning a family it would be wise to consult with doctors of different specializations, especially in high-risk families with cleft history in order to analyze previous lifestyle. Clefts are very common in hereditary facial malformations and are causing a lot of other irregularities in the head and neck region. In this paper after a brief papers review authors present socio-geographic, environmental and also work place related factors that are influencing pregnant women condition and should be taken under serious consideration.

Modelo de ficha clínica ortodóntica en pacientes con fisura labio palatina

“…Esta información solicitada tiene el propósito de recolectar la mayor cantidad de factores genéticos y/o ambientales que se pueda informar. Respecto de la etnia, en general las poblaciones amerindias y asiáticas presentan mayor frecuencia en casos de fisuras orofaciales y en menor "grado" las poblaciones caucásicas y africanas 4,5 . En un estudio de prevalencia realizado en el Hospital Félix Bulnes de Santiago 6, se encontró que el mayor porcentaje de pacientes afectados con fisura presentaban etnia amerindia, determinado por examen sanguíneo y la prevalencia del alelo O y alelo D (Rh+).…”

Therapeutic Review of Methylprednisolone Acetate Intra‐Articular Injection in the Management of Osteoarthritis of the Knee – Part 2: Clinical and Procedural Considerations

“…Teratogeny and fetal abnormalities found in animal studies. Neonatal hypoadrenalism following prenatal exposure † Human observational studies have not found association with harmful effects (Bjørn et al, 2014;Fraser and Sajoo, 1995;Kawalec et al, 2015). Administration must outweigh risk to fetus ‡ Anticoagulant therapy † Drug-drug interaction: Efficacy of warfarin may be enhanced by concurrent corticosteroid therapy.…”

Effect of Cad/Cam Nasoalveolar Molding Appliance on Correction of the Nasal Deformity in Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

“…Several risk factors are found to cause orofacial cleft (OFC). These include geographic factors, race, family history, gender, exposure to risk factors in pregnancy, such as alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking (2,3), poor nutrition (4), viral infections, drugs and also teratogens in the workplace and home (5,6). Recent studies show that obesity during pregnancy may be related to CLP (6).…”