Risk factors in community-acquired chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a case-control study in Italy

Chiaramonte, M.; Stroffolini, Tommaso; Lorenzoni, U.; Minniti, F.; Conti, Susanna; Floreani, Annarosa; Ntakirutimana, Efrem; Vian, A.; Ngatchu, Theodore; Naccarato, R.

doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(96)80020-1

Cited by 115 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Although, the present study has showed that few HCV infected individuals presented known risk factors, for the large majority the mode of transmission remained undefined in agreement with other studies in general population (Chiaromante et al 1996, MacDonald et al 1996, Angelico et al 1997. Studies using more detailedepidemiological questionnaires are needed in order to clarify this subject.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Surveys on HCV generally show that the infection occurs mainly as a cohort effect in subjects aged more than 45 years (Chiaromante et al 1996, Diago et al 1996. The use of non-disposable syringes and needles, a commonplace until two decades ago, is considered as a facilitating factor to HCV spread in some of these surveys (Chiaromante et al 1996, Angelico et al 1997. Common tropical diseases in Amazon, such as malaria and leishmaniasis, frequently need parenteral treatment and hospitalization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hepatitis C virus prevalence among an immigrant community to the Southern Amazon, Brazil

Souto

Fontes

Martelli

et al. 1999

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A community-based random survey was conducted in a southern Brazilian Amazonian county aiming to investigate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence and the association of demographic variables and lifestyle behaviours. Seven hundred eighty individuals were serologically screened with a third generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect anti-HCV antibodies between 1994/1995. Positive samples were retested for confirmation with a line immunoassay (LIA, Inno-LIA HCV Ab III). Most of these subjects were low income and came from southern Brazilian states (65.8). Two point four percent (IC 95% 1.2%-4.6%) of the subjects had LIA-confirmed anti-HCV antibodies reactivity. The age-specific prevalence of HCV antibodies slightly increased with age, with the highest prevalence after the age of 40 years. The results of multivariate analysis indicate a strong association between HCV antibodies and previous surgery and history of intravenous drug use. There were no apparent association with gender, hepatitis B virus markers, blood transfusion, and sexual activity. Mean time living in Amazon did not differ between confirmed and negative anti-HCV individuals. The present data point out an intermediate endemicity of HCV infection among this immigrant community to the Amazon region and that few HCV infected participants presented known risk factors.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus prevalence among an immigrant community to the Southern Amazon, Brazil

Souto

Fontes

Martelli

et al. 1999

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These epidemiologic features are expected in a country where HCV contaminated many individuals over the first three decennia following the second world war, due to a widespread use of non disposable syringes and other medical devices [14]. However, the terminating phase of the "cohort" effect of this HCV epidemic spread on HCC epidemiology is testified by not only the downward trend in HCC mortality [15] but also by the shift towards older ages and the decreasing prevalence of HCV-related cases (from 76.4% to 64.0%) we observed with respect to a previous investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Changing aetiological factors of hepatocellular carcinoma and their potential impact on the effectiveness of surveillance

Stroffolini

Trevisani

Pinzello

et al. 2011

Digestive and Liver Disease

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tBackground: The aetiological factors of hepatocellular carcinoma may vary over time. Aims: The study assessed the potential impact of the aetiological factors on the effectiveness of surveillance in real-world patients. Methods: Multicentre, cross-sectional study enrolling consecutive hepatocellular carcinoma cases during a six month period. Results: 1733 cases (1311 prevalent and 422 incident) were recruited (mean age 68.6 years; 46.1% cases over 70 years; 73.9% males; 95.3% with cirrhosis); 63.0% were hepatitis C virus positive and 23.7% were virus negative. Amongst incident HCCs, 34.5% were single ≤3 cm and 54.4% met the Milan criteria; 61.6% were diagnosed during surveillance; virus negative patients showed the lowest rate of surveillance (51.0%). Surveillance was an independent predictor of detecting single HCCs ≤2 cm (O.R. = 5.4; 95% C.I. = 2.4-12.4) or HCCs meeting the Milan criteria (O.R. = 3.1; 95% C.I. = 1.9-5.2). Compared with an earlier Italian survey, there was a higher proportion of elderly subjects (P < 0.01), Child-Pugh class A cases (P < 0.01), of virus-negative patients (P < 0.01) and with single tumours ≤3 cm (P < 0.01) and a lower prevalence of hepatitis C virus positive individuals (P < 0.01). Conclusion: HCC is characterised by a growing prevalence of elderly patients and cases unrelated to hepatitis virus infections. The application of surveillance must be implemented, particularly amongst non-viral patients.

show abstract

“…7,8 Although health care-related procedures have not been unequivocally associated with HCV acquisition in case-control studies, 2 some studies have demonstrated a higher prevalence of HCV infection in patients who underwent invasive medical procedures or prolonged hospitalization. 9,10 Transmission of HCV in hemodialysis and hematology units is well documented. 6,11,12 Transfusion of blood products before universal anti-HCV screening and patient-to-patient transmission have been implicated as the main mechanisms of HCV acquisition in this setting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial transmission of HCV in the liver unit of a tertiary care center

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite its medical and legal implications, there are no prospective studies analyzing the incidence and mechanisms involved in the nosocomial transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in liver units. This study prospectively investigates the nosocomial transmission of HCV in the liver unit of a tertiary care center from August 2000 to October 2002. The median prevalence of HCV infection among hospitalized patients was 50%. Anti-HCVnegative patients admitted to the liver unit during the study period were prospectively followed, and serum markers of HCV infection were repeated 6 months after discharge.

show abstract

Risk factors in community-acquired chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a case-control study in Italy

Cited by 115 publications

References 18 publications

Hepatitis C virus prevalence among an immigrant community to the Southern Amazon, Brazil

Hepatitis C virus prevalence among an immigrant community to the Southern Amazon, Brazil

Changing aetiological factors of hepatocellular carcinoma and their potential impact on the effectiveness of surveillance

Nosocomial transmission of HCV in the liver unit of a tertiary care center

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About