Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An exposure-wide umbrella review of meta-analyses

Bellou, Vanesa; Belbasis, Lazaros; Tzoulaki, Ioanna; Εvangelou, Εvangelos

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194127

Cited by 456 publications

(370 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…In the use of MR analysis, we found that longer EA was causally associated with the decreased odds of having cardiometabolic diseases, which is consistent with the traditional observational studies showing that socioeconomic status was associated with obesity, T2D, CVD, and even life expectancy (4,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Association of Educational Attainment With Adiposity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Artery Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Cao

Cui

2020

Front. Public Health

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Background: Observational studies showed that educational attainment (EA) is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, but the long interval between exposure and outcome makes it difficult to infer causality. We herein used Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal effects of EA on adiposity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods:A two-sample MR analysis was conducted using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Seventy-four instrumental variables (IVs) were used to determine the causal effect of EA on cardiometabolic diseases. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to detect the pleiotropy of the IVs.Results: Using the MR approach, we found that each additional year in EA is associated with a reduction in the body mass index (BMI) (β −0.17 [95% CI −0.23, −0.10], P = 8.85 × 10 −7 ), a 39% reduction in the odds of having T2D (OR 0.61 [95% CI 0.50, 0.75], P = 1.16 × 10 −6 ), and a 36% reduction in the odds of having CAD (OR 0.64 [95% CI 0.55, 0.75], P = 2.38 × 10 −8 ) at the Bonferroni-adjusted level of significance.Conclusion: Our findings suggest a causal role of EA on the cardiometabolic diseases including adiposity, T2D, and CAD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Association of Educational Attainment With Adiposity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Artery Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Cao

Cui

2020

Front. Public Health

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“…Stratified analysis was carried out by the baseline age (<45 or ≥45 years), BMI (<21, 21–24.9 and ≥25 kg/m 2 ), smoking (yes/no), dyslipidemia status (yes/no) and hypertension status (yes/no), which are associated with both diabetes risk and serum creatinine levels. All of the statistical analyses were carried out using SAS version 9.3 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low serum creatinine and risk of diabetes: The Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study

Nakagawa

Honda

et al. 2019

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/Introduction We examined a prospective association between serum creatinine levels and diabetes. Materials and Methods The present study included 31,343 male workers without diabetes, and aged between 20 and 64 years at baseline. We calculated the cumulative average of their serum creatinine over the study period. We defined diabetes as either glycated hemoglobin levels ≥6.5%, random glucose levels ≥200 mg/dL, fasting glucose levels ≥126 mg/dL or receiving antidiabetic treatment. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was carried out to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results With a median observation of 7.7 years, 2,509 participants developed diabetes. After adjusting for age, smoking, body mass index, hypertension and dyslipidemia, lower cumulative average serum creatinine levels were related to a greater diabetes risk: HRs were 1.56 (95% CI 1.35–1.82), 1.22 (1.09–1.35) and 1.06 (0.96–1.17) for the participants with serum creatinine <0.70, 0.70–0.79 and 0.80–0.89 mg/dL, respectively, compared with those with 0.90–1.20 mg/dL (P for trend <0.001). The serum creatinine‐diabetes association was more pronounced among older adults (serum creatinine <0.70 vs 0.90–1.20 mg/dL, HR 1.66, 95% CI 1.37–2.00) than younger adults (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.02–1.71; P for interaction by age group = 0.001). Conclusions Low serum creatinine is associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Screening serum creatinine levels can be used to identify those who are at high risk of diabetes.

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“…Furthermore, inflammatory biomarkers as high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) and TNF‐α seem also to be risk factors for both type 2 diabetes and CVDs (Bellou, Belbasis, Tzoulaki, & Evangelou, ; Singh, Morris, Smith, Moxon, & Golledge, ). Their plasma level is usually inversely associated to adiponectin level and directly to the leptin one (Graßmann, Wirsching, Eichelmann, & Aleksandrova, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐arm, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trial evaluating the metabolic effect of a combined nutraceutical containing a bergamot standardized flavonoid extract in dyslipidemic overweight subjects

Cicero

Fogacci

Bove

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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Our double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-escalation, clinical trial aimed to test the effect of a combined nutraceutical containing bergamot extract (120-mg flavonoids), phytosterols, vitamin C, and chlorogenic acid from dry artichoke extract on 90 overweight dyslipidemic subjects. Participants were randomly allocated to treatment with two pills of either active treatment or placebo, or a combination of both (a pill per treatment). After 8 weeks, all active-treated groups experienced a significant improvement in triglycerides (TG) versus placebo and in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) versus baseline and placebo treatments. In the high-dosetreated group, also total cholesterol (TC), nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), γ-glutamil transpeptidasi, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) significantly decreased. At 24-week follow-up, TG levels maintained lower than baseline in all groups. All patients allocated to either low-dose or high-dose active treatment experienced a significant decrease in TG, LDL-C, and homeostatin model assessment of insulin resistance. In subjects taking high-dose active treatment, adiponectin significantly increased, whereas TC, non-HDL-C, insulin (fasting plasma insulin), leptin, leptin/adiponectin ratio, hs-CRP, and TNF-α were significantly reduced. The tested nutraceutical showed to improve lipid and glucose metabolism, adipokines pattern, and systemic inflammation in dyslipidemic overweight subjects.

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Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An exposure-wide umbrella review of meta-analyses

Cited by 456 publications

References 135 publications

Association of Educational Attainment With Adiposity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Artery Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Association of Educational Attainment With Adiposity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Artery Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Low serum creatinine and risk of diabetes: The Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study

Three‐arm, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trial evaluating the metabolic effect of a combined nutraceutical containing a bergamot standardized flavonoid extract in dyslipidemic overweight subjects

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