Risk factors for transition to first episode psychosis among individuals with ‘at-risk mental states’

Mason, Oliver; Startup, Mike; Halpin, Sean; Schall, Ulrich; Conrad, Agatha M.; Carr, Vaughan J.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.04.006

Cited by 265 publications

(229 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Nonetheless, it is self-report trait anhedonia measured in non-clinical individuals that has been shown in past studies to be predictive of the future development of psychiatric disorders. 2,7,[22][23][24][25] Thus, we are confident that the structural and the functional neural correlates of trait anhedonia reported in this study have an important clinical value for the identification of neural markers of vulnerability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

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Individual differences in trait anhedonia: a structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging study in non-clinical subjects

et al. 2007

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Anhedonia, the reduced capacity to gain pleasure from pleasurable experiences, is a key symptom of major depression and schizophrenia. Reduced hedonic capacity can also be measured as an enduring trait in non-clinical subjects. Such altered hedonic capacity is likely the result of a basic neuropsychophysiological dysfunction and a vulnerability marker that potentially precedes and contributes to the liability of developing psychiatric disorders. The characterization of the structural and functional neural correlates of trait anhedonia in nonclinical individuals may provide new insights for the early detection of such psychiatric diseases. Twenty-nine non-clinical subjects were scanned at the Montreal Neurological Institute. Trait anhedonia was measured using the Chapman Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale. Semi-automated and automated structural MRI segmentation techniques were used to explore structural correlates of trait anhedonia. Seventeen of the 29 subjects also underwent a functional imaging task where responses to the viewing of affective stimuli were examined to identify the functional correlates of trait anhedonia. Trait anhedonia was inversely related to anterior caudate volume, but positively related to ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity during the processing of positive information. These findings may reflect a specific kind of vulnerability for the development of psychiatric affective disorders and suggest that trait anhedonia may be linked to a volumetric reduction in the basal ganglia and to a prefrontal functional abnormality during hedonic processing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Previous research indicates that trait anhedonia might be the result of a basic neuropsychophysiological dysfunction and a trait marker for both SZ 2,7,22,23 and MDD. 24,25 Moreover, anhedonia could characterize a specific subform of SZ 26 and is a key symptom for the diagnostic of melancholia, a specific subtype of MDD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in trait anhedonia: a structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging study in non-clinical subjects

et al. 2007

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“…The UHR criteria have been widely used (Cannon et al, 2008;McGlashan et al, 2007) with rates of psychosis onset ("transition" or "conversion") found to range between 8 to 54% within 1-2.5 years (Cannon et al, 2008;Cornblatt et al, 2003;Mason et al, 2004;Miller et al, 2002;Morrison et al, 2012;Ruhrmann et al, 2003;Ruhrmann et al, 2010;Yung et al, 2003). However, there is evidence of a decline in transition rates in more recent UHR cohorts with rates as low as 8-28% in one year (Amminger et al, 2010;Demjaha et al, 2012;Morrison et al, 2012;Simon and Umbricht;Velthorst et al, 2009;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further examination of the reducing transition rate in ultra high risk for psychosis samples: The possible role of earlier intervention

Nelson

Yuen

Lin

et al. 2016

Schizophrenia Research

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“…The majority of these individuals report distressing attenuated symptoms of perceptual disturbances and ideational anomalies [29][30][31]. Several studies report that a high proportion of those identified with an ARMS also fulfil the criteria for another Axis I mental health diagnosis, mostly relating to mood, anxiety and substance misuse [24,26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘At-Risk Mental State’ for Psychosis in Adolescents: Clinical Presentation, Transition and Remission

Welsh

Tiffin

2013

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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. (2014) 'The 'At-risk mental state' for psychosis in adolescents : clinical presentation, transition and remission.', Child psychiatry and human development., 45 (1). pp. 90-98.Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10578-013-0380-z Publisher's copyright statement:The nal publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10578-013-0380-z.Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. 2 Abstract:Despite increased efforts over the last decade to prospectively identify individuals at ultrahigh risk of developing a psychotic illness, limited attention has been specifically directed towards adolescent populations (<18 years). In order to evaluate how those under 18 fulfilling the operationalised criteria for an At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) present and fare over time, we conducted an observational study. Participants (N=30) generally reported a high degree of functional disability and frequent and distressing perceptual disturbance, mainly in the form of auditory hallucinations. Seventy percent (21/30) were found to fulfil the criteria for a co-morbid ICD-10 listed mental health disorder, with mood (affective; 13/30) disorders being most prevalent. Overall transition rates to psychosis were low at 24 month follow-up (2/28; 7.1%) whilst many participants demonstrated a significant reduction in psychotic-like symptoms. The generalisation of these findings may be limited due to the small sample size and require replication in a larger sample.

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Risk factors for transition to first episode psychosis among individuals with ‘at-risk mental states’

Cited by 265 publications

References 36 publications

Individual differences in trait anhedonia: a structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging study in non-clinical subjects

Individual differences in trait anhedonia: a structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging study in non-clinical subjects

Further examination of the reducing transition rate in ultra high risk for psychosis samples: The possible role of earlier intervention

The ‘At-Risk Mental State’ for Psychosis in Adolescents: Clinical Presentation, Transition and Remission

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