Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats and sheep raised in the State of Piauí in northeast Brazil

Rêgo, Wagner Martins Fontes do; Paula, Ney Rômulo de Oliveira; Vítor, Ricardo Wagner Almeida; Silva, R.A.B.; Diniz, Bruno Leandro Maranhão; Sousa, Maxmiana Mesquita de; Coelho, Wesley Adson Costa; Porfirio, Kessia; Pinheiro, R. R.; Alves, F. S. F.; Cavalcante, A. C. R.; Cardoso, Joyce Favacho

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.04.010

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, even though the type of species was not pointed out as a risk factor associated with T. gondii infection (OR=0.39), sheep seemed more likely to get Toxoplasma infection than goats. The same result has been found by Rêgo et al (2016) in Brazil. On the other hand, other studies reported that goats had higher Toxoplasma seroprevalence than sheep (Anastasia et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…gondii seropositivity was not found in either sheep or goats. This result is supported by Yin et al (2015) and Rêgo et al (2016) who showed that gender was not a significant risk factor for sheep. Otherwise, Rêgo et al (2016) showed that gender (female) was a significant risk factor for goats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies prevalence found in this study (45.77%) was much higher than those found in sheep and goats in China by Liu et al (2015) and Yin et al (2015), 25.6% and 20.3%, respectively; lower than that found in sheep and goats in Greece (57.1%) (Anastasia et al, 2013); close to those found in many studies conducted in sheep and goats in Brazil (40.5% and 48.7%) (Rêgo et al, 2016), in sheep in the Ivory Coast (Kone et al, 2008) and Senegal (Dia, 1992;Pangui et al, 1993;Pangui, 2011), respectively 40% and 38.5-55%; and much higher than those found in South Africa (4.3% and 5.6%, respectively by ELISA and IFAT) (Samra et al, 2007). However, other studies reported lower seroprevalences in dairy sheep in Argentina (17.3%) (Hecker et al, 2013), in goats in Senegal (33.75%) (Dia, 1992), in goats in Myanmar (11.4%) (Bawm et al, 2016), except for Benkirane et al (2015) who reported an overall serological prevalence of toxoplasmosis of 74% in sheep and goat herds in Morocco, using an indirect ELISA kit.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

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Seroprevalence and risk factors of two abortive diseases, toxoplasmosis and neosporosis, in small ruminants of the Mongo County, southern Gabon

Maganga

Abessolo

Okouyi

et al. 2016

Small Ruminant Research

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In order to estimate the seroprevalence and to assess risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in the province of Nyanga, in southern Gabon, a cross-sectional study was conducted in sheep and goats in the county of Mongo. Serological screening was performed using an indirect multi-species enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a commercial direct agglutination test to test serum samples for the presence of anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii Immunoglobulines (Ig) G antibodies, respectively. From a total of 201 small ruminants, including 95 sheep and 106 goats, the overall anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalences were 31.3% (n=63) and 45.8% (n=95), respectively. Statistical analyses showed that adult small ruminants were 4 times more likely to be infected with T. gondii than young animals (p<0.001; OR=4.27; 95% CI: 2.07-8.81). The locality was significantly associated with T. gondii seropositivity (p=0.001). The Dilemba (p<0.001; OR=0.07), Moulengui-Binza (p=0.023; OR=0.05) and Rina-Nzala localities (p=0.005; OR=0.1) were not identified as risk localities associated with T. gondii infection. The seroprevalence of N. caninum was significantly higher in sheep (42.1%) than goats (21.7%). The species was not associated with N. caninum infection (p=0.005; OR=0.27; 95% CI: 0.11-0.68). In Bibora, small ruminants were almost 4 times more likely to get Neospora infection than the animals in the other localities (p=0.04; OR=3.98; 95% CI: 1.06-14.93). The serological prevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii could suggest a considerable impact on the reproductive process from these pathogens in sheep and goats within the Mongo County and a high exposure of humans to T. gondii.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Seroprevalence and risk factors of two abortive diseases, toxoplasmosis and neosporosis, in small ruminants of the Mongo County, southern Gabon

Maganga

Abessolo

Okouyi

et al. 2016

Small Ruminant Research

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“…Among the risk factors investigated by Rêgo et al (2016), extensive rearing system, number of domestic cats on the farm, and domestic and wild dogs access to the water trough used by the sheep were associated with increased risk of toxoplasmosis, in addition to cats feeding on placenta remains, sex, and breeding in the two investigated areas in Brazil. Ahmad et al (2015) found that poor hygienic conditions, presence of cats, extensive farming practice, flock size larger than 50 individuals and pregnancy as risk factors related to toxoplasmosis in sheep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sero-prevalence of toxoplasmosis in sheep and goats in El-Gadarif state

et al. 2017

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Objective: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July to November 2015 to estimate the prevalence of anti-toxopalsma antibodies in sheep and goats in El-Gadarif state. Material and methods: A total of 400 serum samples comprising of 200 sheep and 200 goats were collected and tested by Toxo-latex agglutination test and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Results:The overall sero-prevalence was 52.0% (n=208/400) using Toxo-latex agglutination test and 45.7%(n=42/92) and 27.2%(n=25/92) using iELISA in sheep and goats, respectively. Furthermore, the sero-prevalences among the two investigated species and the two age groups were statistically similar but were different between localities, breeds and sexes. In the univariate analysis, species (P=0.028) and locality (P=0.001) were associated with Toxo-latex agglutination test positive status. Additionally, species (sheep) and locality (Al-Fao, Al-Hawatah, and West El-Gadarif) had increased odds of being Toxo-latex agglutination test positive in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the prevalence of anti-toxopalsma antibodies is relatively high and there was no between-species variation in seropositivity. These findings warrant further investigations to estimate the burden of the disease and the likelihood of zoonotic transmission.

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“…Among the diseases that affect goats is the toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, which is one of the main agents responsible for reproductive dysfunction. The prevalence of T. gondii in Brazil is quite variable, with reported prevalence rates of 14.4% in São Paulo (Mainardi et al, 2003), 17.1% in Rio Grande do Norte (Lima et al, 2008), 49.4% in Piauí (Rêgo et al, 2016), and 39.4% in Paraná (Garcia et al, 2012). In addition, to the direct damage caused by T. gondii, such as miscarriages and stillbirths, they can be major sources of infection to humans, through the consumption of raw or under cooked meat, raw milk, and its by-products (Dubey et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections and factors associated in goats in the Parana state, Southern Brazil

Romanelli

Matos

Ferreira

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and their associated factors among goats in farms from the Paraná state, South Brazil. The serological analysis was performed by indirect ELISA on 629 goat serum samples collected from 32 farms distributed in five mesorregions from the state. Seropositivity was observed in 30.7% of the animals for T. gondii, 6.3% for N. caninum, and 3.0% for both agents. Final multiple regression models showed that the use of assisted reproduction decreased the chance of seropositivity for T. gondii (PR=0.70) and the slaughtering site on the farm (PR=2.03) increased it. To N. caninum, the supplying concentrated feed to animals (OR=4.80) and animal pre-weaning death (OR=9.96) increased the chance of seropositivity. The variables associated with these seropositivities suggest deficiencies in sanitation and reproductive management. In addition, it recognizes critical points of infection for animal production management.

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Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats and sheep raised in the State of Piauí in northeast Brazil

Cited by 30 publications

References 27 publications

Seroprevalence and risk factors of two abortive diseases, toxoplasmosis and neosporosis, in small ruminants of the Mongo County, southern Gabon

Seroprevalence and risk factors of two abortive diseases, toxoplasmosis and neosporosis, in small ruminants of the Mongo County, southern Gabon

Sero-prevalence of toxoplasmosis in sheep and goats in El-Gadarif state

Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections and factors associated in goats in the Parana state, Southern Brazil

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