Risk Factors for Tibial Stress Injuries

Abstract

Enhancing lean mass and limiting gains in fat may provide some protection against TSI. Individuals with small skeletal frames are advised to increase training loads particularly gradually and to reduce training intensity at the first sign of pain in the shins.

Risk factors for lower extremity injuries among half marathon and marathon runners of the Lage Landen Marathon Eindhoven 2012: A prospective cohort study in the Netherlands

“…On the other hand, a randomized-controlled trial showed that routine use of orthotic insoles did not prevent physical stress-related lower limb injuries in healthy young male adults (Matilla et al, 2011). Another study reported that the use of orthotic insoles was more prevalent in patients with tibial stress injury than in controls (25% vs 5.6%, respectively; P < 0.02; Beck et al, 2014).…”

“…Increased training volume per week in male runners, and a history of previous injuries for runners, are known significant risk factors for running injuries (Van Gent et al, 2007). However, there is conflicting evidence for other risk factors, such as age and sex (Macera et al, 1989;Sattertwhaite et al, 1999;Taunton et al, 2002;Buist et al, 2010a, b), training distance (Sattertwhaite et al, 1999;Van Middelkoop et al, 2008b;Chang et al, 2012;Lopes et al, 2012), running experience (Wen, 2007), body mass index (BMI; Buist et al, 2010b), and use of orthotics (Lopes et al, 2012;Beck et al, 2014).…”

“…Increased training volume per week in male runners, and a history of previous injuries for runners, are known significant risk factors for running injuries (Van Gent et al., ). However, there is conflicting evidence for other risk factors, such as age and sex (Macera et al., ; Sattertwhaite et al., ; Taunton et al., ; Buist et al., 2010a, b), training distance (Sattertwhaite et al., ; Van Middelkoop et al., ; Chang et al., ; Lopes et al., ), running experience (Wen, ), body mass index (BMI; Buist et al., ), and use of orthotics (Lopes et al., ; Beck et al., ). Despite the common belief that factors like running terrain, type of shoe, and training characteristics (duration, frequency of running, running speed, warm‐up, and exercise habits before running) might be associated with running injuries, there is no evidence for such an association (Hreljac et al., ; Yeung & Yeung, ; Ferber et al., ; Taunton et al., ).…”

Geometric variation of the human tibia-fibula: A public dataset of tibia-fibula surface meshes and statistical shape model

“…Smaller and thinner tibial geometry was the predominant source of variation found in our SSM, which can impact the bones’ ability to withstand bending forces created during exercise (Nordin & Frankel, 2012). The impact that a smaller tibia has on tibial stress injuries has been cited in both athletic (Crossley et al, 1999; Beck et al, 2014) and military populations (Giladi et al, 1991; Beck et al, 2000). However, size of bone is often proportionate to individuals’ height and mass (Duyar & Pelin, 2003).…”

Activity specific areal bone mineral density is reduced in athletes with stress fracture and requires profound recovery time: A study of lumbar stress fracture in elite cricket fast bowlers

“…Research investigating low BMD as a risk factor to stress fracture has been contradictory, with studies finding no differences between stress fractured and uninjured groups in male 7,8 and female 8 military recruits, male 9,10 and female 11,12 track and field athletes, and in male and female runners, triathletes and team sport athletes 13 . Other studies have demonstrated that low BMD is a significant risk factor which has been shown in male 14 and female 9, 14,15 track and field athletes, and male 16,17 and female military recruits 7,18 .…”