Risk Factors for the Emergence of Psychotic Disorders in Adolescents With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Gothelf, Doron; Feinstein, Carl; Thompson, Tracy; Gu, Eugene; Penniman, Lauren; Stone, Ellen Van; Kwon, Hower; Eliez, Stéphan; Reiss, Allan L.

doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.4.663

Cited by 191 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Most had a nonpsychotic disorder at baseline (eg, 60.7% had an anxiety disorder). Nine (32.1%) met criteria for a psychotic illness at time 2, including six with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder [13]. In contrast to the three cross-sectional studies summarized in the previous section, which had a total sample of 213 mostly adults with 22qDS and found no significant association of the COMT Met allele with psychotic illness [7,19,36], this allele was reported to be associated with the nine patients with psychotic illness in this young cohort [13].…”

Section: Possible Risk and Predictive Factors For Schizophrenia Exprecontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…However, there may be some differences in auxiliary clinical features (eg, lower rates of comorbid substance use disorders) [12,13]. Also, some evidence indicates that patients with 22qDS-schizophrenia may have neurobehavioral characteristics other than schizophrenia's core symptoms [14].…”

Section: Clinical Signs and Symptoms Of Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One group has studied a cohort of 28 individuals with 22qDS at two points in time: at baseline referral for assessment at age 7 to 20 (mean 13) years and on average 5 years later, at age 12 to 24 (mean 18) years [13]. Most had a nonpsychotic disorder at baseline (eg, 60.7% had an anxiety disorder).…”

Section: Possible Risk and Predictive Factors For Schizophrenia Exprementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine (32.1%) met criteria for a psychotic illness at time 2, including six with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder [13]. In contrast to the three cross-sectional studies summarized in the previous section, which had a total sample of 213 mostly adults with 22qDS and found no significant association of the COMT Met allele with psychotic illness [7,19,36], this allele was reported to be associated with the nine patients with psychotic illness in this young cohort [13]. The cohort study also reported that diagnosing a psychotic disorder at follow-up was associated with an average 10-point decline in verbal IQ from baseline and greater severity of parental reports of anxiety or depression and researcher ratings of psychotic symptoms at baseline.…”

Section: Possible Risk and Predictive Factors For Schizophrenia Exprementioning

confidence: 99%

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Schizophrenia and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Bassett

Chow²

2008

Curr Psychiatry Rep

212

166

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Abstract22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDS) is a genetic syndrome associated with a chromosome 22q11.2 deletion and variable phenotypic expression that commonly includes schizophrenia. Approximately 1% of patients with schizophrenia have 22qDS. The schizophrenia in 22qDS appears broadly similar to that found in the general population with respect to core signs and symptoms, treatment response, neurocognitive profile, and MRI brain anomalies. However, individuals with a 22qDS form of schizophrenia typically have distinguishable physical features, have a lower IQ, and may differ in auxiliary clinical features. IQ, length of 22q11.2 deletions, and COMT functional allele do not appear to be major risk factors for schizophrenia in 22qDS.Ascertainment biases and small sample sizes are limitations of most studies. Larger studies over the lifespan and continuing education about this underrecognized condition are needed. 22qDS-schizophrenia is an important genetic subtype and a valuable model of neurodevelopmental mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

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Section: Possible Risk and Predictive Factors For Schizophrenia Exprecontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Clinical Signs and Symptoms Of Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Risk and Predictive Factors For Schizophrenia Exprementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Risk and Predictive Factors For Schizophrenia Exprementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Schizophrenia and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Bassett

Chow²

2008

Curr Psychiatry Rep

212

166

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“…Only one longitudinal study of youth with VCFS has been published. Those findings suggested that at Time 1 (late childhood), subthreshold psychotic symptoms, anxiety (especially OCD) and depression symptoms, and lower verbal IQ scores predicted the onset of psychotic disorders in adolescence 47 . The purpose of the present investigation was to attempt to replicate these data using a larger sample with more neuropsychological and psychiatric dependent variables.…”

Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cognitive and Psychiatric Predictors to Psychosis in Velocardiofacial Syndrome: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study

Antshel

Shprintzen

Fremont

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

133

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Objective-To predict prodromal psychosis in adolescents with velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS).Method-70 youth with VCFS, 27 siblings of youth with VCFS and 25 community controls were followed from childhood (Mean age = 11.8 years) into mid-adolescence (mean age 15.0 years). Psychological tests measuring intelligence, academic achievement, learning/memory, attention and executive functioning as well as measures of parent and clinician ratings of child psychiatric functioning were completed at both time points.Results-Major depressive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder and generalized anxiety disorder diagnoses increased in the VCFS sample. With very low false positives, the best predictor of adolescent prodromal psychotic symptoms was parent ratings of childhood odd/eccentric symptoms and child performance on a measure of executive functioning, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.Conclusions-Similar to the non-VCFS prodromal psychosis literature, a combination of cognitive and psychiatric variables appears to predict psychosis in adolescence. A child with VCFS who screens positive is noteworthy and demands clinical attention. KeywordsVelocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS); 22q11 deletion syndrome; cognition; psychosis; longitudinal Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) is caused by an interstitial deletion from chromosome 22 at the 22q11 band. The most common microdeletion syndrome yet identified in humans, VCFS has a population prevalence of approximately 1:2000 to 1:6000 live births 1, 2 . In most cases, VCFS is caused by a hemizygous deletion of 3 million base pairs of DNA encompassing 40 genes but approximately 8% have smaller nested deletions of 1.5 million base pairs spanning 34 genes 3 . Structural anomalies affect nearly every part and system of the body and may Correspondence to: Kevin Antshel, Ph.D. SUNY -Upstate Medical University Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210; AntshelK@upstate.edu. Disclosure: Dr. Faraone, in the past year, has received consulting fees and has been on Advisory Boards for Eli Lilly, Ortho-McNeil, and Shire Development, and has received research support from Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Shire and the National Institutes of Health. In previous years, Dr. Faraone has received consulting fees or has been on advisory boards, or has been a speaker for the following sources: Shire, McNeil, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and Eli Lilly. In previous years he has received research support from Eli Lilly, Shire, Pfizer and the National Institutes of Health. Drs. Antshel, Shprintzen, Fremont, and Kates, and Ms. Higgins report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the prod...

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