Risk factors for stoma-and-incision-related complications in children with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective cohort study

Abstract

Objective To describe the incidence of postoperative complications of enterostomy and explore the related risk factors in children with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD). Methods Forty-three children with VEO-IBD who underwent enterostomy from January 2015 to December 2021 were included. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had complications after the enterostomy. The T-test and the Chi-square test were used to analyze the influencing factors of two groups of enterostomy complications. Factors screened out by univariate analysis were included in binary logistic regression. Results There were 23(53.5%) VEO-IBD patients who had ostomy complications, 16(37.2%) patients who had peristomal complications, and 15 (34.9%) patients who had incision complications after enterostomy. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in Weight-for-Age Z Score (WAZ), Height-for-Age Z Score (HAZ), and weighted Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (wPCDAI) among groups with and without complications (P < 0.05). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that wPCDAI was an independent risk factor for stoma-and-incision complications after enterostomy in children with VEO-IBD (P = 0.02, OR = 1.13, 95%CI = 1.02–1.25). Conclusion wPCDAI score should be fully considered before the enterostomy procedure in children with VEO-IBD.