Risk factors for stillbirth and foetal mummification in four Brazilian swine herds

Borges, Vladimir Farias; Bernardi, Mari Lourdes; Bortolozzo, Fernando Pandolfo; Wentz, Ivo

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.03.003

Cited by 113 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…On the contrary, others did not detect a difference in the farrowing time between loose sows and sows in crates (Damm et al, 2003;Jarvis et al, 2004). Farrowing time can influence the number of stillborn piglets, as a prolonged farrowing time increases the risk of the piglets dying during farrowing (Borges et al, 2005;Canario et al, 2006;Oliviero et al, 2010). A prolonged farrowing time is likely to increase the frequency of birth assistance; however, in the current study, treatment did not affect the occurrence of birth aid.…”

Section: Stillbirthscontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…In addition, crating of the sow during farrowing can cause prolonged -E-mail: cfh@sund.ku.dk farrowing, as sows in crates have lower oxytocin levels in the blood (Verhovsek et al, 2007;Oliviero et al, 2010). Several authors have reported a correlation between prolonged farrowings and increase in stillborn piglets (Fraser et al, 1997;Borges et al, 2005;Canario et al, 2006), and indeed Cronin et al (1996) and Oliviero et al (2010) observed more stillborn piglets among sows in farrowing crates compared with sows that were loose during farrowing. On the other hand, Cronin et al (2000), Weber et al (2007) and Pedersen et al (2011) failed to detect such a difference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Confinement of lactating sows in crates for 4 days after farrowing reduces piglet mortality

Moustsen

Hales

Lahrmann

et al. 2013

Animal

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To reduce mortality among suckling piglets, lactating sows are traditionally housed in farrowing crates. Alternatively, lactating sows can be housed in farrowing pens where the sow is loose to ensure more behavioural freedom and consequently a better welfare for the sow, although under commercial conditions, farrowing pens have been associated with increased piglet mortality. Most suckling piglets that die do so within the first week of life, so potentially lactating sows do not have to be restrained during the entire lactation period. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate whether confinement of the sow for a limited number of days after farrowing would affect piglet mortality. A total of 210 sows (Danish Landrace × Danish Yorkshire) were farrowed in specially designed swing-aside combination farrowing pens measuring 2.6 m × 1.8 m (combi-pen), where the sows could be kept loose or in a crate. The sows were either: (a) loose during the entire experimental period, (b) crated from days 0 to 4 postpartum, (c) crated from days 0 to 7 postpartum or (d) crated from introduction to the farrowing pen to day 7 postpartum. The sows and their subsequent litters were studied from introduction to the combi-pen ∼1 week before expected farrowing and until 10 days postpartum. Confinement period of the sow failed to affect the number of stillborn piglets; however, sows that were crated after farrowing had fewer live-born mortality deaths (P < 0.001) compared with the sows that were loose during the experimental period. The increased piglet mortality among the loose sows was because of higher mortality in the first 4 days after farrowing. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that crating the sow for 4 days postpartum was sufficient to reduce piglet mortality.

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Section: Stillbirthscontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confinement of lactating sows in crates for 4 days after farrowing reduces piglet mortality

Moustsen

Hales

Lahrmann

et al. 2013

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mean number of stillborn pigs per litter in the present study was below the 3-8% of all pigs born in highly prolific sows (commercial lines derived from Large White x Landrance) (Borges et al 2005, Vanderhaeghe et al 2010. The highest number of stillborn pigs per litter occurred in spring and winter, which indicates that thermal stress was not associated with this reproductive problem.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Effect of climate and insemination technique on reproductive performance of gilts and sows in a subtropical zone of Mexico

Mellado

Gaytán

Macías‐Cruz

et al. 2018

Austral j. vet. sci.

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ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to analyse the reproductive performance of hybrid (Yorkshire x Landrace) gilts/ sows in relation to temperature-humidity index (THI) at artificial insemination (AI), season of AI, occurrence of estrus >8 d postweaning, repeated estrus, insemination technique (cervical, CAI or post-cervical, PCAI) and parity. Data included 8851 reproductive records (1771 for gilts and 7080 for sows) from a pig farm in a sub-tropical zone (THI ranged from 72.9 in January to 81.8 in June). A decrease in pregnancy rate (PR, 89.8 vs 93.0%; P<0.01) and a tendency to decline farrowing rate (FR, 87.9 vs 90.3%; P=0.07) following AI during high THI (>82), compared to AI at <74 THI were observed. The spring and summer season were associated with decreased (P<0.01) PR compared with fall and winter (90.0% vs 93.0%). Likewise, FR decreased in spring and summer compared to fall and winter (88.5% vs. 90.9%). FR was higher (P<0.01) in non-repeat breeders compared with that of repeat-breeders (90.3% vs 76.2%). Litter size increased (P<0.01) from 10.8 ± 3.2 to 11.1 ± 3.1 pigs when the interval from weaning to estrus was >8 d. The insemination technique did not affect PR and FR but the litter size decreased (P<0.05) from 11.3 ± 3.0 to 11.1 ± 2.9 pigs when PCAI was used compared to CAI. This study reaffirms the negative effects of the hot season on reproductive performance of gilts/sows, although thermal stress at AI did not cause foetal losses. Also, there is no advantage in using the PCAI as compared to the CAI in gilts/sows with high numbers of sperm cells per AI.

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“…O tempo médio entre o nascimento de leitões neste estudo está de acordo com valores encontrados por outros autores para granjas comerciais no Brasil (Borges et al, 2005). Além disso, mesmo trabalhando somente com fêmeas de primeiro e segundo parto, o intervalo médio de nascimento dos leitões, independentemente da ordem de parto, foi menor ou igual a 20 min, considerado adequado para essas categorias (Cutler et al, 1999).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Indicadores de desempenho relacionado ao parto de fêmeas suínas de primeiro e segundo partos

et al. 2010

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RESUMO -Foi realizado um estudo para identificar parâmetros de desempenho associados a indicadores de eficiência durante o parto de fêmeas suínas. Foram coletados os seguintes dados de 636 partos e 7.100 leitões nascidos: ordem de parto, número de leitões nascidos vivos, natimortos, mumificados, total de nascidos, aplicação de ocitocina, uso de palpação vaginal, momento do nascimento de cada leitão e do início e final do parto. O intervalo médio de nascimento dos leitões foi de 16,7 minutos e a duração média do parto, de 247 minutos. A duração média do parto aumentou conforme o total de leitões nascidos, o uso de ocitocina e a ocorrência de palpação vaginal. O total de nascimentos nos partos longos (> 211 min), de 13,1 leitões, foi maior que nos partos curtos (< 210 min), de 11,7 leitões, portanto, quanto maior o total de nascidos, maior a duração do parto. As leitegadas foram maiores nas fêmeas de segundo parto (12,8) em comparação àquelas de primeiro parto (11,9). A duração do parto é influenciada pelo total de leitões nascidos, que é maior em fêmeas de segundo parto e está associada à maior ocorrência de leitões natimortos e mumificados.Palavras-chave: leitegada, ordem de parto, suínos Performance parameters linked to the parturition of first and second parturition sowsABSTRACT -This study aimed to identify some performance parameters associated with the farrowing efficiency in sows. From a total of 636 births and 7,100 piglets born, data was collected for: parity (OP), number of piglets born alive (NV), stillborns (NAT), mummified (MUM), total litter size (TN), use of vaginal palpation and oxytocin injection, time of birth for each piglet, and beginning and end of the parturition. The average interval among piglets birth was 16.7 min and the average duration of parturition was 247 min. The average duration of parturition increased regarded to the number of born piglets, the use of oxytocin and with the ocurence of vaginal palpation. The total number of births in the long parturitions (> 211 min), with 13.1 piglets was higher than in the short parturitions (< 210 min), with 11.7 piglets, therefore, the higher the number of total piglets born, the longer is the duration of parturition. Litter size was higher for sows of the second parity (12.8) than for sows of first parity (11.9). The duration of parturition is affected by the number of piglets born, which is higher in second parity than first parity females and it is associated to the higher occurence of stillbirths and mummified piglets.

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Risk factors for stillbirth and foetal mummification in four Brazilian swine herds

Cited by 113 publications

References 14 publications

Confinement of lactating sows in crates for 4 days after farrowing reduces piglet mortality

Confinement of lactating sows in crates for 4 days after farrowing reduces piglet mortality

Effect of climate and insemination technique on reproductive performance of gilts and sows in a subtropical zone of Mexico

Indicadores de desempenho relacionado ao parto de fêmeas suínas de primeiro e segundo partos

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