Risk factors for severe injury following indoor and outdoor falls in geriatric patients

Kim, Sun Hyu

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2015.10.003

Cited by 41 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Several features of the neighborhood physical environment that have been previously linked to outdoor falls, including insufficient lighting, cracked or uneven sidewalks, and weather-related hazards [8,22,23], were not included among our measures. Further, we were not able to examine features of the home environment that have been previously linked to falls, including building design, loose rugs, and slippery floors and stairs [8,27,28]. These unexamined factors in the home and community environments might affect the magnitude and direction of examined relationships.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both outcome variables were operationalized as binary variables (reported outcome vs. did not report the outcome) in analysis. These outcomes include indoor and outdoor falls [28]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately half of falls occur outside the home [22]. Despite the strong potential impact of improved identification of modifiable, community-level determinants of falls, relatively few studies have examined how neighborhood factors relate to falls among older adults specifically [19,22,23,24,25,26,27,28]. Socially cohesive neighborhoods, those in which older adults reported high levels of belonging and trust, entail a sense of place in one’s community, as opposed to feelings of isolation or social dislocation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neighborhood Environment and Falls among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Nicklett

Lohman

Smith

2017

IJERPH

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Background: Falls present a major challenge to active aging, but the relationship between neighborhood factors and falls is poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between fall events and neighborhood factors, including neighborhood social cohesion (sense of belonging, trust, friendliness, and helpfulness) and physical environment (vandalism/graffiti, rubbish, vacant/deserted houses, and perceived safety walking home at night). Methods: Data were analyzed from 9259 participants over four biennial waves (2006–2012) of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative sample of adults aged 65 and older in the United States. Results: In models adjusting for demographic and health-related covariates, a one-unit increase in neighborhood social cohesion was associated with 4% lower odds of experiencing a single fall (odds ratio (OR): 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93–0.99) and 6% lower odds of experiencing multiple falls (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90–0.98). A one-unit increase in the physical environment scale was associated with 4% lower odds of experiencing a single fall (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93–0.99) and with 5% lower odds of experiencing multiple falls (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–1.00) in adjusted models. Conclusions: The physical and social neighborhood environment may affect fall risk among community-dwelling older adults. Findings support the ongoing need for evidence-based fall prevention programming in community and clinical settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both outcome variables were operationalized as binary variables (reported outcome vs. did not report the outcome) in analysis. These outcomes include indoor and outdoor falls [28]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neighborhood Environment and Falls among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Nicklett

Lohman

Smith

2017

IJERPH

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“…All participating hospitals in this in‐depth surveillance gathered general information for all types of injuries. Information for one of the following four categories of in‐depth injury information was collected: (i) traffic accidents; (ii) head and neck injury; (ii) injury involving preschool aged children; and (iv) suicide, poisoning, fall from height and injuries due to slipping in older people was further collected by each hospital . Six hospitals collected in‐depth surveillance data for fall injuries in older people from 2010.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relating factors to severe injury from outdoor falls in older people

Jung

Kim

Lee

et al. 2017

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Aim:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, including floor characteristics and factors, related to severe injury from outdoor falls in older adults.Methods: Patients were divided into two groups based on injury severity: the severe group and non-severe group. The clinical and general characteristics were compared between the two groups, and factors associated with severe injury were investigated.Results: Approximately 5% (364/7635) of older people involved in outdoor falls were classified into severe injury. The proportion of men and the rate of alcohol ingestion were higher in the severe group compared with that in the nonsevere group. Falling from stairs was a more frequent mechanism of fall in the severe group compared with that in the non-severe group. Non-slippery floor condition had a higher proportion in the severe group than that in the nonsevere group. Head and neck were the predominantly injured regions in both groups. Discharge was the most common result of emergency department treatment in the non-severe group, whereas admission to intensive care unit was the main result in the severe group. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that male sex and falls from stairs rather than slipping down on the same level were associated with severe injury.Conclusions: Floor characteristics did not influence injury severity; however, the risk of severe injury from outdoor falls in older adults was high in men and those who fell from stairs. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; ••: ••-••.

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“…The history of previous falls (HoF) is considered a risk factor for falls [17] and the strongest single predictor of future falls [18], since it is associated with reduced lower limbs strength and gait and balance impairments [10]. According to the literature, older adults who have experienced one or more falls have 3 times the risk of falling again within the following year compared to those with no history of falls [19].…”

Section: History Of Fallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifactorial Screening Tool for Determining Fall Risk in Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 50 Years or Over (FallSensing): Protocol for a Prospective Study (Preprint)

Martins¹,

Moreira²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Background: Falls are a major health problem among older adults. About a third of community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or over fall each year. The risk of falling can be increased by polypharmacy, vision impairment, high blood pressure, environmental home hazards, fear of falling and changes in function of musculoskeletal and sensory systems, associated with aging. Moreover, individuals who experienced previous falls are at higher risk. Nevertheless falls can be prevented by screening to detect risk factors. Objective: To understand if FallSensing screening tool is able to determine the fall risk of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years or over. Methods: FallSensing screening tool is a technological solution for fall risk screening, including a software, a pressure platform and two inertial sensors. The screening software includes questions about sociodemographic and health and lifestyle behaviors, a detailed explanation about procedures to accomplish six functional tests (Grip Strength, Timed Up and Go, 30 seconds Sit-to-Stand, Step test, 4 Stage Balance test "modified" and 10 meters Walking Speed) and three questionnaires concerning environmental risk, activities and participation profile related to mobility and self-efficacy for exercise. The questions registers information about demographic and anthropometric data (age, sex, height and weight), Fear of Falling, history of fall (previous 12 months), health conditions, medication, sedentary lifestyle, upper extremities assistance to stand from a chair, living settings, alcohol habits, self-perceived health and unintentional or involuntary weight lost. We will recruit community-dwelling adults aged 50 years or over, independent to be standing and walking with or without walking aids in different regions of continental Portugal. In order to be a representative sample of Portuguese population, a minimum of 385 participants is needed. Results: The development of the FallSensing screening tool started in October 2015, and the screening of participants started in June 2016 and continues by the time of submission. A set of seniors' university, parish councils, physical therapy clinics and other community facilities have consented to participate in the study. Conclusions: In order to develop a multifactorial screening tool for fall risk in community-dwelling adults, it is essential to identify key risk factors for falls and select the best method to evaluate them. FallSensing screening tool, gathers a multifactorial assessment, designed and studied through the best evidence, which seek to identify factors that influence the fall risk. Understanding these factors, will allow that preventive strategies could be implemented and decrease falls rates.

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Risk factors for severe injury following indoor and outdoor falls in geriatric patients

Cited by 41 publications

References 35 publications

Neighborhood Environment and Falls among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Neighborhood Environment and Falls among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Relating factors to severe injury from outdoor falls in older people

Multifactorial Screening Tool for Determining Fall Risk in Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 50 Years or Over (FallSensing): Protocol for a Prospective Study (Preprint)

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