Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in hospitalized children in Canada: A national prospective study from March 2020–May 2021

Farrar, Daniel; Drouin, Olivier; Hepburn, Charlotte Moore; Baerg, Krista; Cyr, Claude; Donner, Elizabeth; Embreé, Joanne; Farrell, Catherine; Forgie, Sarah; Giroux, Ryan; Kang, Kristopher T.; King, Melanie; Thibodeau, Melanie Laffin; Orkin, Julia; Ouldali, Naïm; Papenburg, Jesse; Pound, Catherine M.; Price, Victoria; Proulx-Gauthier, Jean-Philippe; Purewal, Rupeena; Ricci, Christina; Sadarangani, Manish; Salvadori, M; Thibeault, Roseline; Top, Karina A; Viel-Thériault, Isabelle; Kakkar, Fatima; Morris, Shaun K

doi:10.1016/j.lana.2022.100337

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The COVID-19 pandemic has had ongoing global health, social, and economic consequences. Children with SARS-CoV-2 infections generally present with mild illness and fewer severe outcomes relative to older adults, however, severe outcomes including COVID-19 associated hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and death, do rarely occur in this age group [15] , [16] , [17] . Individuals fully vaccinated with a Health Canada authorized COVID-19 vaccine have had lower rates of SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19-related hospitalizations relative to unvaccinated individuals [16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatricians’ perceptions, practices, and barriers regarding COVID-19 vaccine for children: A cross-sectional survey in Ontario, Canada

Ali¹,

Piché‐Renaud²,

Karimi-Shahrbabak³

et al. 2023

Vaccine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatricians’ perceptions, practices, and barriers regarding COVID-19 vaccine for children: A cross-sectional survey in Ontario, Canada

Ali¹,

Piché‐Renaud²,

Karimi-Shahrbabak³

et al. 2023

Vaccine

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“…COVID-19 disease is especially dangerous for people who suffer from chronic diseases. Research and statistics show that people with chronic diseases are more often hospitalized due to SARS-CoV-2 infection than healthy people, even among children [ 46 ]. The most common chronic diseases that cause hospitalization are obesity, cardiovascular diseases and hypertension [ 47 , 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Willingness to Receive a COVID-19 Vaccine in Adult Polish Population—A Cross-Sectional Survey

et al. 2022

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Vaccinations are proven to be the most efficient in preventing COVID-19 disease. Nonetheless, some people are skeptical and hesitant. The study aimed to determine factors associated with willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine in the Polish adult population. An online survey consisting of questions regarding (1) demographic information and (2) health issues (the status of vaccination, comorbidities, receiving the flu vaccine and usage of health monitoring apps) was distributed between 13 January and 14 February 2022. Of the 7018 participants who met the study conditions, 76.89% (n = 5396) were females, 22.44% (n = 1575) were males and 0.67% (n = 47) did not specify gender. The median age was 31 years. Among them, 81.82% (n = 5742) were vaccinated and 18.18% (n = 1276) were not. 46.87% (n = 3289) had no chronic co-morbidities. Factors associated with lower odds to receive the vaccine were: being men (p = 0.02; OR = 0.83), having lower education status (p = 0.001, OR = 0.56–0.77), living in a smaller residence area (p < 0.001, OR = 0.47–0.73.), not receiving flu vaccination (p < 0.001, OR = 24.51) and not using health monitoring applications (p < 0.001, OR = 1.56). Health education and communication strategies are needed to achieve large-scale vaccine acceptability and finally herd immunity.

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“…Obesity, diabetes and asthma, which were previously identified as significant risk factors during the Delta period, 32–34 did not show the same significance during the Omicron period in children. The reason for this disparity remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Based on estimates by the UK Health Security Agency, in the Omicron period, approximately 65,000 children 1-4 years old (regardless of underlying medical conditions) would require 2-dose vaccination to prevent 1 child from admission and requiring oxygen, assisted ventilation or admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. 31 Obesity, diabetes and asthma, which were previously identified as significant risk factors during the Delta period, [32][33][34] did not show the same significance during the Omicron period in children. The reason for this disparity remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Risk Factors for Severe and Critical Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children

Lee,

Kim,

Choi

et al. 2024

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is generally mild in children; however, severe or critical cases may occur. In this nationwide study, we analyzed clinical manifestations in children diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to identify high-risk groups for severe or critical disease and compared the clinical features between the Delta- and Omicron-dominant periods. Methods: Data were retrieved from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database and merged with the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency-COVID-19-NHIS cohort, which includes information on COVID-19 cases and vaccination records. We included individuals aged <20 years diagnosed with COVID-19 during both periods (Delta: July 25, 2021–January 15, 2022; Omicron: January 16, 2022–March 31, 2022). Results: Proportion of severe or critical cases was higher during the Delta period than during the Omicron period. The Omicron period saw increased hospitalization for pneumonia and croup and increased likelihood of hospitalization for neurological manifestations. The risk of severe COVID-19 depended on age group (Delta: highest for 12–19 years; Omicron: 0–4 years). This risk was high in children with multiple complex chronic conditions during both periods and with obesity or asthma during the Delta but not during the Omicron period. Two-dose COVID-19 vaccination provided strong protection against severe disease in the Delta period (adjusted odds ratio: 0.20), with reduced effectiveness in the Omicron period (adjusted odds ratio: 0.91). However, it significantly reduced the risk of critical illness (adjusted odds ratio: 0.14). Conclusions: These findings can facilitate identification of children at high risk of severe or critical COVID-19, who may require intensive medical support, and development of vaccination policies.

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Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in hospitalized children in Canada: A national prospective study from March 2020–May 2021

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Pediatricians’ perceptions, practices, and barriers regarding COVID-19 vaccine for children: A cross-sectional survey in Ontario, Canada

Pediatricians’ perceptions, practices, and barriers regarding COVID-19 vaccine for children: A cross-sectional survey in Ontario, Canada

Factors Associated with Willingness to Receive a COVID-19 Vaccine in Adult Polish Population—A Cross-Sectional Survey

Risk Factors for Severe and Critical Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children

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