Risk factors for postpartum depression among Egyptian women

Elaziz, Shaimaa Younes Abd; Halim, Hala Waheed Abdel

doi:10.21608/aimj.2021.40174.1311

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Those postnatal mothers who had a previous history of depression were 5 times more likely to develop postpartum depression (PPD) than those who did not have a previous history of depression. This finding was consistent with the results of the study conducted in Egypt ( 16 ), Saudi Arabia ( 44 ), systematic review and meta-analysis in Ethiopia ( 60 ), and the study conducted in developing countries ( 61 ). Most of the risk factors for the development of disease either mental or non-mental are recurrent and hormonal imbalance during pregnancy and postpartum might have caused the relapse of the previous depression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Those postnatal mothers who have faced negative life events during their pregnancy were over 2 times more likely to develop postpartum depression. This finding was similar to the results of the study conducted in Bahir dar town, Ethiopia ( 62 ), Egypt ( 16 ), Qatar ( 51 ), and Saudi Arabia ( 44 ). Stressful life events were the major risk factors for the onset of different psychosocial stressors and literature has indicated that exposure to negative life events can cause postpartum depression ( 63 – 65 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In addition, this result was higher than the results of three studies conducted in different parts of Ethiopia such as Harar ( 33 ), Debre Berhan ( 47 ), and eastern Ethiopia ( 48 ) which reported the prevalence of PPD as 13.11, 15.6, and 16.3%, respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of postpartum depression in this study was lower than the result of a study conducted in southwestern Uganda 27.1% ( 15 ), Egypt 27.5% ( 16 ), Pakistan 31% ( 49 ), Vientiane Capital 31.8% ( 41 ), Nigeria 35.6% ( 17 ), and Bangladesh 39.4% ( 12 ). This variation might be associated with socio-cultural differences, assessment tools, the difference in the cut of point of EPDS, the difference in the sampling procedure, and included study participants.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…The world health organization (WHO) reported, ~20–40% of women in developing countries experienced depressive symptoms during pregnancy or after childbirth ( 13 ). African countries constitute a larger burden of postpartum depression (PPD) ( 14 ), and the prevalence of postpartum depression was 27.1% in southwestern Uganda ( 15 ), 27.5% in Egypt ( 16 ), and 35.6% in Nigeria ( 17 ). The world health organization report indicated that depression is the leading cause of disease for reproductive age group women ( 18 ), and a major public health concern in developing countries currently ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnitude and Determinant Factors of Postpartum Depression Among Mothers Attending Their Postnatal and Vaccination Services at Public Health Institutions of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Wake

Fitie

Ashenafi

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundThe postpartum period is known as a high-risk period for the onset of different maternal mental health problems. Globally, 10–20% of postnatal mothers suffer from depressive symptoms. This study aimed to assess the magnitude and determinant factors of postpartum depression among mothers attending their postnatal and vaccination services at public health institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodologyHealth institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 461 postnatal mothers attending public health institutions in Addis Ababa from 15 May 2021 to 15 July 2021. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select the public health institutions and a systematic random sampling method was used to get selected, postnatal mothers. Epidata version 3.1 and SPSS version 25 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. P-value ≤ 0.05 was used as a cut point of statistical significance in multivariable binary logistic regression.ResultsFrom total postnatal mothers 91(19.7%) of them had postpartum depression. Occupational status [AOR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.04, 8.15], marital status [AOR = 2.69, 95% CI =1.33, 5.45], income management [AOR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.53, 8.21], sex of baby [AOR = 5.07, 95% CI: 1.24, 20.69], history of child death [AOR = 6.93, 95% CI: 2.67, 15.79], unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.65, 7.93], negative life event [AOR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.39], substance use during pregnancy [AOR = 6.23, 95% CI: 2.72, 20.05], history of depression [AOR = 5.08, 95% CI: 1.79, 14.39], and marriage satisfaction [AOR = 6.37, 95% CI: 2.63, 14.29] were determinant factors of postpartum depression.ConclusionThe prevalence of postpartum depression in this study is high compared to national findings. Occupational status, marital status, income management, sex of baby, history of child death, unplanned pregnancy, negative life event, substance use during pregnancy, history of depression, and marital satisfaction were determinant factors of postpartum depression. The ministry of health should integrate mental health services with existing maternal health care services. It would be better if all healthcare professionals working in the maternal and child health unit will routinely screen postpartum depressive symptoms and link them to mental health services.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Magnitude and Determinant Factors of Postpartum Depression Among Mothers Attending Their Postnatal and Vaccination Services at Public Health Institutions of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Wake

Fitie

Ashenafi

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…The frequency in the Mansoura study was likewise 17.9%. However, the Assiut study had the highest frequency, at 51.7% [23] . The sociodemographic characteristics of the examined groups may cause this variance in PPD rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Proportion and Predictors of Postpartum Depression among Women Attending Fayoum University Hospitals, Egypt

Elashiry¹,

Wahed

Abd-Elaty³

et al. 2022

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

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Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major depressive disorder with possible long-term consequences on the mother and her infant. Objective: The aim of the current study is to assess the proportion of postpartum depression and its contributing factors among women who give birth and seek medical care at Fayoum University Hospitals. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 postpartum women (1-6 months following delivery) who visited Obstetrics-Gynecology, Family Planning, Family Medicine, and Pediatric Clinics at Fayoum University Hospital (FUH) in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. For data collection, the Arabic version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used for PPD screening, socio-demographic characteristics of the participants were collected by a pre-designed structured questionnaire. Results: PPD was found in 39.5% of the studied women. The multivariate analysis showed that postpartum depression was significantly associated with the educational level, with higher levels of education associated with a decreased likelihood of depression with odds ratio (OR) 0.437 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.248 -0.768). Female residents of rural areas were more likely to be depressed than females of urban areas, having OR 1.8 (95%CI 1.10-2.98). The female sex of the infant was shown to be a risk factor for PPD with OR 1.76 (95%CI 1.12-2.75), and the women who were not employed had a reduced risk of depression than those who were employed, with OR 0.384 (95%CI 0.233-0.632). Conclusion: PPD is a considerable and existing problem among the study group. Many factors may cause PPD to occur. Early detection of such factors can help in early detection of postpartum depression.

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Peripartum depression and its predictors: A longitudinal observational hospital-based study

Hamed¹,

Elwasify²,

Abdelhafez³

et al. 2022

WJP

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BACKGROUND Depression is a common problem in women in childbearing years due to burdens of motherhood and building a family. Few studies estimate the prevalence of antepartum depression compared to those in the postpartum period. AIM To estimate the prevalence and the severities of peripartum depression and major depressive disorder and their predictors. METHODS This is a longitudinal observation study. It included 200 women scoring ≥ 13 with the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, indicating presence of symptoms of depression. They had a gestational age of ≥ 6 wk and did follow-ups until the 10 th week to 12 th weeks postpartum. Information of women's reactions to life circumstances and stressors during the current pregnancy were gathered from answers to questions of the designed unstructured clinical questionnaire. Severities of depression, anxiety, and parenting stress were determined by the Beck Depre-ssion Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults, and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, respectively. Psychiatric interviewing was done to confirm the diagnosis of major depression. Measuring the levels of triiodothronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was done in both antepartum and postpartum periods. RESULTS Out of 968 (mean age = 27.35 ± 6.42 years), 20.66% ( n = 200) of the patients had clinically significant symptoms of depression and 7.44% had major depression. Previous premenstrual dysphoria, post-abortive depression, and depression unrelated to pregnancy and were reported in 43%, 8%, and 4.5% of the patients, respectively. Psychosocial stressors were reported in 15.5% of the patients. Antepartum anxiety and parenting stress were reported in 90.5% and 65% of the patients, respectively. Postpartum T3, T4, and TSH levels did not significantly differ from reference values. Regression analysis showed that anxiety trait was a predictor for antepartum (standardized regression coefficients = 0.514, t = 8.507, P = 0.001) and postpartum (standardized regression coefficients = 0.573, t = 0.040, P = 0.041) depression. Antepartum depression (standardized regression coefficients = -0.086, t = -2.750, P = 0.007), and parenting stress (standardized regression coefficients = 0.080, t = 14.34, P = 0.0001) were also predictors for postpartum depression. CONCLUSION Results showed that 20.66% of the patients had clinically significant symptoms of depression and 7.44% had major depression. Anxiety was a predictor for antepartum and postpartum depression. Antepartum depression and parenting stress were also predictors for postpartum depression.

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Risk factors for postpartum depression among Egyptian women

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Magnitude and Determinant Factors of Postpartum Depression Among Mothers Attending Their Postnatal and Vaccination Services at Public Health Institutions of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Magnitude and Determinant Factors of Postpartum Depression Among Mothers Attending Their Postnatal and Vaccination Services at Public Health Institutions of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Proportion and Predictors of Postpartum Depression among Women Attending Fayoum University Hospitals, Egypt

Peripartum depression and its predictors: A longitudinal observational hospital-based study

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