Risk factors for nutritional rickets among children in Kuwait

Molla, Ayesha; Badawi, Mona; Al-Yaish, Suhad; Sharma, Prem N.; El-Salam, Randa Salah

doi:10.1046/j.1442-200x.2000.01230.x

Cited by 76 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…21 Regarding sunlight exposure similar results was obtained from many studies which showed that lack of sunlight exposure increases the risk of rickets (Majeed et al, Mastsuo et al; Molla et al). [22][23][24] Our clinical findings were comparable to study carried out by Onyiriuka et al were lower limb deformity was commonest clinical feature followed by wrist widening. 18 Another study from Karachi reported that most common clinical presentation was rachitic rosary (87%) followed by wrist widening (76%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Children developing rickets are often pale, irritable, and sleepless and perspire profusely. 5 It is manifested by widening (flaring) of metaphysis of long bones, prominence of costochondral junction (rachitic rosary), flaring of lower anterior thoracic wall and frontal bossing. After the child begins to walk and bear weight, genu valgum or genu varum develops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional rickets among children of Northern Kerala, India

Jose¹,

A²

2017

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a very common micronutrient deficiency in our country and ranks among the 5 most common disease in children worldwide.Methods: To study the presentation and predisposing factors of rickets among children in Northern Kerala.Results: This study was conducted in the department of Pediatrics in a tertiary care hospital in Northern Kerala. Nutritional rickets diagnosis was based on clinical, radiological and biochemical parameters and appearance of provisional zone of calcification after vitamin D therapy. Data was analyzed and presented as percentage and mean. Student t-test was used for statistical analysis of the results.Conclusions: A total of 54 children having a variety of clinical presentations of rickets were seen during the study period. There were 46.3% males and 53.7% females. The mean age of diagnosis was 24 months.70.4% children were exclusively breast fed up to 6 months. None of the breast-fed infants had received vitamin D supplementation according to current guidelines. 66.7% children were not exposed to sunlight. Rickets was commonly found in children with no protein energy malnutrition. Genu varum and wrist widening were the most frequent clinical features observed in 92.6% patients. The radiological and biochemical characteristics of cases were ascertained before and after therapy. The biochemical changes were analyzed by student (t) test. There was a significant decrease in the ALP activity after vitamin D therapy (P= 0.000). Out of these 54 children with rickets 47(87.03%) responded to treatment with vitamin D3 and 7 (12.96%) were resistant to treatment with vitamin D3.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional rickets among children of Northern Kerala, India

Jose¹,

A²

2017

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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“…These countries have experienced rapid economic and social changes during the past two decades, resulting in a marked improvement in lifestyle and health status (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) . However, these rapid changes have led to the development of a paradoxical situation regarding nutrition, in that both a lack of and an excess of nutrition coexist.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these rapid changes have led to the development of a paradoxical situation regarding nutrition, in that both a lack of and an excess of nutrition coexist. Undernutrition has manifested as growth retardation/bone deformity among pre-school children and Fe-deficiency anaemia, while overnutrition has manifested as obesity, dental caries and non-communicable disease (5,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Differences in vitamin D status and calcium metabolism in Saudi Arabian boys and girls aged 6 to 18 years: effects of age, gender, extent of veiling and physical activity with concomitant implications for bone health

Al-Ghamdi

Lanham-New

Kahn

2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Few data exist looking at vitamin D status and bone health in schoolaged boys and girls from Saudi Arabia. The present study aimed to determine the extent of poor vitamin D status in school boys and girls aged 6-18 years and to examine if there was any difference in status with age, physical activity and veiling and concomitant effects on bone. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Subjects: A total of 150 boys (7-16 years) and 150 girls (6-18 years) from local schools were divided into age categories: 6-9 years (elementary school); 10-12 years (secondary school); 13-14 years (middle years); 15-18 years (high school). Results: Vitamin D status was significantly lower in girls than boys in all age groups (P , 0?01), with the 15-18-year-old girls having the lowest level (22?0 (SD 9?4) nmol/l) in comparison to the 15-18-year-old boys (39?3 (SD 14?0) nmol/l) and the 6-9-year-old girls (41?2 (SD 9?3) nmol/l). Parathyroid hormone status was highest in the 15-18-year-old girls in comparison to boys of the same age. A total of 64 % of 15-18-year-old girls had 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) status ,25 nmol/l in comparison to 31 % in the 13-14 years age category, 26 % in the 10-12 years category and 2?5 % in the 6-9 years category. No boys had 25OHD status ,25 nmol/l. Fully veiled girls had lower 25OHD status than partly veiled or unveiled girls (P , 0?05). Low 25OHD and high parathyroid hormone was associated with lower bone mass in the 6-9 years and 13-14 years age groups (P , 0?05). Conclusions: These data suggest significant hypovitaminosis D in older adolescent females, which is a cause for concern given that there is currently no public health policy for vitamin D in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

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“…This study found that there is significant association between rickets and sunshine exposure status (p=0.000) indicating higher prevalence of rickets in children with no sun shine exposure which is comparable with a case control study carried out in Kuwait. This is because vitamin D production in the skin is by product of sun shine exposure [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2014

JPNC

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Risk factors for nutritional rickets among children in Kuwait

Cited by 76 publications

References 6 publications

Nutritional rickets among children of Northern Kerala, India

Nutritional rickets among children of Northern Kerala, India

Differences in vitamin D status and calcium metabolism in Saudi Arabian boys and girls aged 6 to 18 years: effects of age, gender, extent of veiling and physical activity with concomitant implications for bone health

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