Risk Factors for Normal and High-Tension Glaucoma in Poland in Connection with Polymorphisms of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene

Abstract

AimThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of polymorphisms of the eNOS gene on the clinical status of patients with normal and high tension glaucoma.Methods266 Polish Caucasian patients with primary open angle glaucoma were studied. Of the 266, 156 had normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and 110 high tension glaucoma (HTG). DNA material was isolated from peripheral venous blood using commercial kits. Real-time PCR reaction was used to amplify the promoter site of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene, including the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site T-786C and part of the 7th exon of eNOS, including G894T SNP. Genotypes were determined with TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays.ResultsThere were no significant differences in frequencies of the allelic variants of both polymorphisms. In G894T SNP, however, the wild GG form was more common in the HTG group. The SNP of the eNOS gene did not significantly influence the progression rate in either of the groups studied. There were no differences in variants of the eNOS gene regarding the necessity for and success of surgery and the progression of the disease. In the NTG group, no statistical correlation was observed between G894T, T786C polymorphism variants, and risk factors such as optic disc haemorrhages, optic disc notches, and peripapillary atrophy. Mean diastolic and systolic pressure during the day and night were lowest in NTG patients with the CC variant of the T786C polymorphism. No statistical correlation was observed between the G894T and T786C polymorphisms and capillaroscopic examination results.ConclusionsGenotype frequencies are similar for both the eNOS G894T and T-786C polymorphisms in NTG and HTG patients. These polymorphisms do not correlate with risk factors and do not influence the state of the capillary system in NTG patients. Systolic blood pressure is lower in NTG patients with mutated alleles of both polymorphisms.

Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene polymorphisms with primary open-angle glaucoma in a Saudi cohort

“…Our group has previously shown that the total antioxidant status is compromised in patients with POAG and more prone to oxidative stress-induced glaucomatous neurodegeneration [56]. Though Kosior-Jarecka et al suggested a significant correlation between NOS3 polymorphisms and IOP in patients with high-tension glaucoma [36], our study however, did not observe any similar effect between NOS3 polymorphisms and clinical markers of POAG such as IOP and cup/disc ratio. Also, absence of any association in women is difficult to explain and may probably be due to low numbers in this group.…”

“…Similarly, the role of these polymorphisms has also been examined in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) with both positive and negative associations. In a Polish study, rs1799983 showed marginal association with NTG; and both rs1799983 and rs2070744 were associated with low systolic blood pressure in NTG [36]. Jeoung et al reported a significant association of rs2070744 in Korean NTG patients with optic disc hemorrhage [37]; whereas both these SNPs showed no association with NTG or high-tension glaucoma in German Caucasians [38].…”

Association of Gene Polymorphisms With Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…We retrieved the full text of the remaining 149 studies for review. Forty-one articles were further excluded for the following reasons: seven were not case control studies [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] ; 27 articles did not provide genotype or allele data ; and seven articles did not provide proper OR/RR values. 13,[55][56][57][58][59][60] Thus, 108 studies were finally included in this meta-analysis.…”

Research Article The <i>eNOS</i> T786C polymorphism is not related to atherosclerosis and cofactors in a Brazilian population

“…In our study, we did not find an association between the T786C polymorphism and smoking. Other studies had similar findings and did not found significant associations between smoking, the T786C polymorphism and atherosclerosis (Colombo et al, 2003;Kosior-Jarecka et al, 2016). A positive relationship between the T786C polymorphism and smoking habits has been found .…”