Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Armenian, Haroutune K.; Hoover, Donald R.; Rubb, Susan; Metz, Steve; Martı́nez-Maza, Otoniel; Chmiel, Joan S.; Kingsley, L.; Saah, A. J.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008751

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Thus, in a stepwise logistic regression model, only the use of cocaine remained a significant predictor of NHL risk (P = 0.02). Applying a drug summary score similar to that used by Armenian et al (1996), the use of multiple types of drugs was assessed for persons using a particular recreational drug at least three times (Table 3). The use of a drug at least three times was selected a priori to reflect that the use of a particular drug was more likely to be habitual than experimental.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol, tobacco and recreational drug use and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Levine²,

Marks³

et al. 1997

Br J Cancer

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Summary A population based case-control study was conducted to determine whether risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in the absence of HIV infection is related to the previous use of tobacco, alcohol or recreational drugs. A total of 378 residents of Los Angeles County who were diagnosed with high-or intermediate-grade NHL were compared with individually age-, race-and sex-matched neighbourhood control subjects with regard to history of use of tobacco products, alcohol and ten specific recreational drugs. Risk of NHL among women decreased with increased consumption of alcoholic beverages (trend P = 0.03), with risk 50% lower among those consuming five or more drinks per week than among non-drinkers. Cocaine, amphetamines, Quaaludes and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) were each associated with a significantly increased risk of NHL in men with risk greater among those with more frequent use of these drugs. Confounding factors could not be excluded in these findings. The use of multiple types of drugs was also associated with a significantly increased risk of NHL in men (trend P = 0.005) with risk greatest among those using five or more types of drugs (odds ratio = 5.8, 95% confidence limits = 1.2-28.4); among these drugs, cocaine use appeared to account for the elevated risk of NHL among men based on multivariable analyses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol, tobacco and recreational drug use and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Levine²,

Marks³

et al. 1997

Br J Cancer

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“…Strong evidence exists for the association between NHL and congenital or acquired immunosuppression, especially AIDS. [6][7][8][9][10] Immune factors also seem to play a role in the aetiology of Hodgkin's lymphoma: 7 an excess has been found after transplantations 11 12 as well as among HIV infected patients. 13 14 The known risk factors explain only a small proportion of malignant lymphoma.…”

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confidence: 99%

Occupation and malignant lymphoma: a population based case control study in Germany

Mester

Nieters²,

Deeg³

et al. 2005

Occup Environ Med

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Aims: To identify occupations suspected to be associated with malignant lymphoma and to generate new hypotheses about occupational risks in a multicentre, population based case control study. Methods: Male and female patients with malignant lymphoma (n = 710) aged 18-80 years of age were prospectively recruited in six study regions in Germany. For each newly recruited lymphoma case, a sex, region, and age matched control was drawn from the population registers. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for major occupations and industries were calculated using conditional logistic regression analysis, adjusted for smoking (in pack-years) and alcohol consumption. Patients with specific lymphoma subentities were additionally compared with the entire control group using unconditional logistic regression analysis. Results: The following economic/industrial sectors were positively associated with lymphoma: food products, beverages, tobacco; paper products, publishing and printing; and metals. Chemicals; real estate, renting, and business activities were negatively associated with lymphoma diagnosis. The authors observed an increased overall lymphoma risk among architects; maids; farmers; glass formers; and construction workers. Shoemaking and leather goods making was negatively associated with the lymphoma diagnosis (although based on small numbers). In the occupational group analysis of lymphoma subentities, Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly associated only with rubber and plastic products making; diffuse large B cell lymphoma risk was considerably increased among metal processors; follicular lymphoma showed highly significant risk increases for several occupational groups (medical, dental, and veterinary workers; sales workers; machinery fitters; and electrical fitters); and multiple myeloma showed a particularly pronounced risk increase for farmers as well as for agriculture and animal husbandry workers. Conclusions:The results partly confirm previously defined occupational risks. Occupational risk factors for follicular lymphomas might differ from the overall risk factors for malignant lymphoma. During the past few decades, the incidence of nonHodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) increased in most Western countries. [1][2][3][4] Only recent data indicate a leveling off of this trend. In Germany, NHL made up an estimated 3% of the male and 3.4% of the female incident cancer cases in 2000. 5The aetiology of malignant lymphoma is still largely unknown. Strong evidence exists for the association between NHL and congenital or acquired immunosuppression, especially AIDS.6-10 Immune factors also seem to play a role in the aetiology of Hodgkin's lymphoma:7 an excess has been found after transplantations 11 12 as well as among HIV infected patients. 14The known risk factors explain only a small proportion of malignant lymphoma. Several studies point to a potential aetiological role of occupational factors to malignant lymphoma. Hodgkin The aim of the present multicentre, population based case control study is to identify occupati...

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“…Furthermore, complications of infection with HIV-1 include an unexplained increase in incidence of cancer, particularly lymphomas. Attempts at identifying an additional agent responsible for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a large HIV-1-infected cohort have failed (Armenian et al, 1996), raising the possibility that HIV-1 itself is directly responsible. We have previously described a model that proposes a role for vimentin (and other IF subunit proteins) in the global regulation of gene expression (Traub and Shoeman, 1994).…”

Section: Hiv-1 Protease and Nuclear Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Amino-terminal Polypeptides of Vimentin Are Responsible for the Changes in Nuclear Architecture Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Activity in Tissue Culture Cells

Shoeman

Hüttermann

Hartig

et al. 2001

MBoC

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Electron microscopy of human skin fibroblasts syringe-loaded with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (HIV-1 PR) revealed several effects on nuclear architecture. The most dramatic is a change from a spherical nuclear morphology to one with multiple lobes or deep invaginations. The nuclear matrix collapses or remains only as a peripheral rudiment, with individual elements thicker than in control cells. Chromatin organization and distribution is also perturbed. Attempts to identify a major nuclear protein whose cleavage by the protease might be responsible for these alterations were unsuccessful. Similar changes were observed in SW 13 T3 M INTRODUCTIONFibroblasts microinjected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (HIV-1 PR) examined at the light microscopic level were found to exhibit rapid changes in nuclear morphology and chromatin organization, followed by disruption of actin-containing stress fibers and an eventual collapse of cytoplasmic vimentin intermediate filaments (IFs) . Although the effects on the cytoplasmic cytoskeletal structures are readily explained by the cleavage of their integral or associated proteins (Shoeman et al., 1990a(Shoeman et al., , 1993, the events giving rise to the nuclear alterations have remained an enigma. These nuclear changes occur most rapidly at the lowest concentrations of HIV-1 PR tested and closely resemble those described for a variety of tissues examined in HIV-1-infected individuals (Shoeman et al., 1992, for discussion and references).Because several IF subunit proteins are excellent substrates for HIV-1 PR (Shoeman et al., 1990a) and because the nuclear matrix core filaments are morphologically indistinguishable from the cytoplasmic IFs (Jackson and Cook, 1988;He et al., 1990;Wang and Traub, 1991;Padros et al., 1997), it seemed likely that one or more components of the nuclear matrix might be cleaved by HIV-1 PR and be responsible for the alterations in nuclear structure. Although it was possible to visualize alterations in residual cellular and nuclear structures in HIV-1 PR-treated cells, it was not possible to correlate the cleavage of a nuclear protein (e.g., NuMA; the nuclear mitotic apparatus protein) with the changes in nuclear architecture. Instead, we were able to show, by a com- MATERIALS AND METHODS Proteins and PeptidesVimentin was purified from mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (Nelson et al., 1982). Mouse vimentin has 97% sequence identity to human vimentin and yields products similar to those obtained from human vimentin when cleaved by HIV-1 PR (Shoeman et al., 1990a). T-vimentin, which lacks the first 70 amino acid residues of vimentin, was prepared as described (Traub et al., 1992a). The amino-terminal vimentin peptide NT1, containing residues 1-96, was prepared from mouse vimentin as previously described (Traub et al., 1992b). Peptide R23R, whose sequence is identical to that of mouse vimentin (vim) residues 22 to 44 (i.e., vim ), peptide R25R (vim 44 -68 ), peptide P410 (vim [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]...

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Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Alcohol, tobacco and recreational drug use and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Alcohol, tobacco and recreational drug use and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Occupation and malignant lymphoma: a population based case control study in Germany

Amino-terminal Polypeptides of Vimentin Are Responsible for the Changes in Nuclear Architecture Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Activity in Tissue Culture Cells

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