Risk factors for mortality in children hospitalized with pneumonia

Patwari, A. K.

doi:10.1007/s13312-012-0210-6

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…20 It is diffi cult to understand the practical importance of this association because the clinical course and pathway to death can't be visualized if the cases are not categorized based on severity of illness at the time of admission 13 while Kabara et al 21 evaluated that clinical signs alone or in combination do not have suffi cient sensitivity and specifi city to predict hypoxemia in children with pneumonia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Case fatalities in children with pneumonia is associated with several factors including clinical condition of the child at the time of admission, quality of care and monitoring during hospital stay, and appropriate supportive care including oxygen therapy and ventilation. 13 The understanding of the sign and or symptom of pneumonia with hypoxemia has evolved over the centuries has left many aspects of pneumonia with hypoxemia as the subject of discussion and research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determinants of hypoxemia in children associated with pneumonia

Ramawat

Sharma

2015

Asian J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Objectives:The most severe manifestation of pneumonia is hypoxemia has been shown to be a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Authors investigated associating factors and determinants of hypoxemia in children with pneumonia. Materials and Methods: A crosssectional study is designed among children of pediatric outpatient and emergency department that enrolled at Government Multi-Speciality Hospital, Chandigarh. One hundred fi fty children recruited for study. The demographic and clinical parameters were recorded. Oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximeter. Results: The prevalence of hypoxemia was 48% and 61 (84.7%) infants aged 1 year found with hypoxemia. Age (p=0.006), respiratory rate (p=0.001) and severity of pneumonia (p=0.001) were strongly associated with hypoxemia. The prevalence of severe and very severe pneumonia among hypoxemic were 56.1% and 73.7% respectively. Central cyanosis (98.7%), peripheral (98.7%) cyanosis, head nodding (97.4%) grunting (96.15%) were highly specifi c but suprasternal (62.82%), subcostal (43.58%) and intercostal retractions (44.87%) were fairly specifi c sign. Sensitivity for subcostal (81.94%) and intercostal retractions (83.33%) was very high but was fair for intercostal (83.33%) retraction. Grunting (p=0.009), nasal fl aring (p=0.008), subcostal (p=0.001) and intercostal (p=0.000) retractions were strongly but suprasternal retraction was signifi cantly (p=0.024) associated with hypoxemia. Dyspnea (97.22%) was very sensitive while decrease feeding (84.61%) and irritability (83.33%) was highly but lethargy (58.97%) was fairly specifi c symptom. Conclusions: Study suggested that clinical signs and symptoms such as chest wall retraction, decrease feeding, dyspnea, grunting and nasal fl aring in children with pneumonia may be utilized as markers for hypoxemia in conditions where pulse-oximeter isn't available. This study supports the view of hypoxemia was disabling factor in better functional recovery in severity of pneumonia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of hypoxemia in children associated with pneumonia

Ramawat

Sharma

2015

Asian J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hypoxia, co-morbid condition such as diarrhea, age below 1 year, inability to feed, presence of loose stools and severe malnutrition are known factors for adverse outcome in children with lower respiratory tract infection. These factors increases duration of stay at hospital and if not managed properly can lead to death (26,27).…”

Section: Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results 47.5% of study population had hyponatremia, of whom 65.79% had mild hyponatremia 26.31% had moderate and 7.89%had severe hyponatremia. Association of hyponatremia with need of non rebreathing face mask (p=0.001), ventilatio r (p=0.009), duration of hospital stay (p=0.047) were significant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Hyponatremia As A Predictor Of Adverse Outcome In Children With Severe Lower Respiratory Tract Infection In Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (Tuth), Nepal

Lamichhane¹,

Shrestha²,

Bajracharya³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is one of the major causes of mortality in children with estimated 1 million deaths every year. Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality seen in LRTI. Objective To find association of hyponatremia (serum sodium<135meq/l) with severe LRTI. Design Prospective cross sectional study Settings Pediatric Emergency, Ward and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital(TUTH) Subjects Children between 2 months to 16 years presenting with cough for less than 3 weeks, fast breathing and chest indrawing. Methods Children between 2 month to 16 years of age having cough, fast breathing and chest indrawing admitted in emergency, ward or PICU of TUTH were screened and among them, children having pediatric respiratory severity score of 4-5 were enrolled in the study. Serum sodium was sent during admission and collected within 2 hours. Daily follow up was done to find need of respiratory support, duration to resolve hypoxia, total duration in hospital and final outcome of patient. Statistical test applied were Chi-square test and Fisher exact test. Results 47.5% of study population had hyponatremia, of whom 65.79% had mild hyponatremia 26.31% had moderate and 7.89%had severe hyponatremia. Association of hyponatremia with need of non rebreathing face mask (p=0.001), ventilatio r (p=0.009), duration of hospital stay (p=0.047) were significant. The study also found the association of severity of hyponatremia with need of non rebreathing facemask (p=0.001),ventilator (p=0.01), outcome (p=0.001), duration of stay (0.002). Mean time to resolve hypoxia in children with hyponatremia (4.5 days) was longer compared to normal sodium (2.58 days). Four patients died during the study period and all of them had hyponatremia.

show abstract

“…[1516171819] The condition in India is also not very satisfactory in this context. [2021] The Table 2 shows that the achievements measured by infant mortality rate (IMR), in past 45 years are much less than other countries with comparable economies. The third world countries have not achieved what the developed nations achieved 50 years back.…”

Section: The Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting public health challenges in the new millennium

Anish¹,

Sreelakshmi²

2013

Ann Med Health Sci Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Positive Health of the communities could only be brought out through the interrelationship between conventional health sector and other development sectors. It was a dream that came true when World Health Organization (WHO) accepted Primary Health Care (PHC) as the major tool to achieve its proposed goal of Health For All (HFA) by 2000 A.D., but we could not succeed as expected. Now we have the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), which place health at the heart of development but the achievements in health is still challenging. The literature search in this article has been conducted in Pub Med and Google scholar, with the aim to draw references to discuss the major health issues and ways to tackle them. The current article briefly narrates the burden and complexities of challenges faced by the present global health. Revisiting the concept of PHC and reaffirming our solidarity to this philosophy is the need of this hour.

show abstract

Risk factors for mortality in children hospitalized with pneumonia

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Determinants of hypoxemia in children associated with pneumonia

Determinants of hypoxemia in children associated with pneumonia

Hyponatremia As A Predictor Of Adverse Outcome In Children With Severe Lower Respiratory Tract Infection In Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (Tuth), Nepal

Revisiting public health challenges in the new millennium

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About