Risk factors for Lyme carditis: A case-control study

Marcos, Luis A.; Castle, Paul; Smith, Kalie; Khoo, Teresa; Morley, Eric J.; Bloom, Michelle E.; Fries, Bettina C.

doi:10.1177/2047487319876046

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…Available evidence indicates that carditis does not occur if early Lyme disease patients without cardiac manifestations are appropriately treated (Robinson et al, 2015). When first described, concurrent EM and other forms of early Lyme disease was the rule (van der Linde, 1991); in recent years, however, one-half or less of patients present with concurrent EM (Forrester and Mead, 2014;Marcos et al, 2019). In their recent review, Forrester and Mead (Forrester and Mead, 2014) noted a striking male predominance (84%), a finding supported by a retrospective chart review caister.com/cimb 355 Curr.…”

Section: Lyme Carditismentioning

confidence: 99%

Lyme Disease in Humans

Radolf¹,

Strle²,

Lemieux³

et al. 2022

Current Issues in Molecular Biology

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Lyme disease (Lyme borreliosis) is a tick-borne, zoonosis of adults and children caused by genospecies of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The ailment, widespread throughout the Northern Hemisphere, continues to increase globally due to multiple environmental factors, coupled with increased incursion of humans into habitats that harbor the spirochete. B. burgdorferi sensu lato is transmitted by ticks from the Ixodes ricinus complex. In North America, B. burgdorferi causes nearly all infections; in Europe, B. afzelii and B. garinii are most associated with human disease. The spirochete's unusual fragmented genome encodes a plethora of differentially expressed outer surface lipoproteins that play a seminal role in the bacterium's ability to sustain itself within its enzootic cycle and cause disease when transmitted to its incidental human host. Tissue damage and symptomatology (i.e., clinical manifestations) result from the inflammatory response elicited by the bacterium and its constituents. The deposition of spirochetes into human dermal tissue generates a local inflammatory response that manifests as erythema migrans (EM), the hallmark skin lesion. If treated appropriately and early, the prognosis is excellent. However, in untreated patients, the disease may present with a wide range of clinical manifestations, most commonly involving the central nervous system, joints, or heart. A small percentage (~10%) of patients may go on to develop a poorly defined fibromyalgia-like illness, post-treatment Lyme disease (PTLD) unresponsive to prolonged antimicrobial therapy. Below we integrate current knowledge regarding the ecologic, epidemiologic, microbiologic, and immunologic facets of Lyme disease into a conceptual framework that sheds light on the disorder that healthcare providers encounter. caister.com/cimb 333 Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. Vol. 42 Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 42: 333-384. caister.com/cimb Lyme Disease in Humans Radolf et al.

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