Risk factors for ischemic stroke, about 442 cases

Ischemic stroke in Morocco: a systematic review

“…A ratio of 1 has been reported only in ( n = 3) studies [23, 40, 41]. Similarly, a slight female predominance with a ratio between 0.7 and 0.9 was reported in ( n = 9) studies [13, 20, 21, 25, 28, 30, 32–34].…”

“…Twenty-three studies focusing on IS in all age groups revealed an average age ranging from 49 ± 15.2 to 67.3 ± 9.9 years old. Thus, the average age is listed in the fifth and sixth decade [13, 15–18, 20, 21, 23–28, 32–41]. However, two studies did not specify the average age of patients.…”

“…Studies included in the present critical review of the literature have revealed several risk factors associated with cerebral ischemia in the local populations of interest. Indeed, high blood pressure (HBP), diabetes, smoking and heart disease were the four main risk factors listed and are as follows: HBP was reported in ( n = 20) studies (31 to 65.4%) [13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 23, 25–28, 30, 33, 35–38, 40–42], diabetes in ( n = 20) studies (12–41.8%) [13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 23, 25–28, 30, 33, 35–38, 40–42], cardiac diseases in 14 studies (7–44.3%) [13, 15, 17, 20, 21, 23, 25–28, 30, 33, 35, 42], atrial fibrillation as associated heart disease was specified in 9 studies (2,5–22%), and smoking in ( n = 19) studies (4–41.8%) [13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 23, 25–28, 30, 33, 35, 37, 38, 40–42].…”

“…In addition to these risk factors, other risk factors have been reported such as dyslipidemia in ( n = 16) studies (0–61.8%) [13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 23, 25–28, 30, 33, 35–37, 42], obesity in ( n = 6) studies (10.7–26.1%) [13, 17, 18, 26, 30, 35], the notion of a previous stroke was noted in ( n = 10) hospital series (5–26.6%) [13, 15, 23, 25–28, 30, 32, 35], alcoholism in ( n = 10) studies [13, 15, 20, 25, 32, 33, 35, 38, 40, 41], oral contraception in ( n = 3) studies (6.6–12.2%) [30, 32, 33], and migraine in a single study at 6.5% [30].…”

“…The most prominent etiology is atherosclerosis of large arteries according to ( n = 16) studies (16–57.8%) [16, 17, 23, 25–28, 30, 32–35, 37–40]. The cardioembolic origin comes second in ( n = 17) studies (8.8–50%) [16, 17, 20, 23, 25–28, 30, 32–35, 37–40], undetermined causes were present in ( n = 12) studies (5.5–34%) [16, 17, 23, 25–28, 30, 32, 33, 35, 40], lacunar ischemic stroke was reported in ( n = 12) studies (0–39%) [16, 17, 23, 26, 28, 30, 32, 35, 37–40] and other identified causes are recorded in ( n = 13) studies (0–27.4%] [16, 23, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33, 35, 37–40].…”