Risk Factors for Injury to Women from Domestic Violence

Kyriacou, Demetrios N.; Anglin, Deirdre; Taliaferro, Ellen; Stone, Susan; Tubb, Toni; Linden, Judith A.; Muelleman, Robert L.; Barton, Erik D.; Kraus, Jess F.

doi:10.1056/nejm199912163412505

Cited by 354 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Others have found abuse more commonly in women who are younger, divorced or separated, and unemployed. 14,19,25,30 Several demographic characteristics that were associated initially in this study did not persist in the multivariate analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…A list of possible clinical diagnoses related to domestic violence was generated from the literature. 18,19 From this, the clinical presentations chosen, including several other categories commonly associated with emotional stress, were: 1) trauma, 2) obstetrical and gynecological syndromes, 3) psychiatric symptoms, 4) substance use, 5) abdominal pain, 6) somatic complaints, 7) nonabdominal pain syndromes, 8) asthma, and 9) others.…”

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Domestic Abuse in the Emergency Department: Can a Risk Profile Be Defined?

Zachary

Mulvihill

Burton

et al. 2001

Academic Emergency Medicine

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Abstract. Objectives:The main purpose of this study was to determine whether any clinical or demographic characteristics could identify adult female patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with a history of domestic abuse. A second objective was to describe the frequency, types, and severity of this abuse. Methods: This study was a crosssectional survey of 611 women conducted in an academically-affiliated, urban ED. Domestic abuse was described as ''recent'' (within the preceding 12 months) or ''lifetime'' (recent or past). This included emotional, physical, and sexual abuse. Results: Recent (7.9%, n = 48) and lifetime (38%, n = 232) domestic abuse was reported. For recently abused women, violence had been severe (87.5%, n = 42) and was associated with 1) trauma (OR 5.4, 95% CI = 2.6 to 11.6), 2) obstetrical and gynecological syndromes (OR 5.6, 95% CI = 2.4 to 13.2), and 3) psychiatric symptoms and substance use (OR 7.3, 95% CI = 2.4 to 22.0). The sensitivities and positive predictive values of these risk factors individually (<27.1% and <25.0%, respectively) and in aggregate (56.3% and 20.9%, respectively) were low. These indicators predicted only 27 (56.3%) of recently abused women. Lifetime domestic violence was more likely in homeless women (OR 5.8, 95% CI = 2.2 to 15.0), although less likely in immigrants (OR 0.4, 95% CI = 0.3 to 0.7). Conclusions: Clinical presentations and demographic characteristics of women presenting to the ED may not be sensitive or predictive indicators of domestic abuse. In the absence of typical clinical or demographic findings, asking all women in the ED about domestic abuse remains a necessary priority. Key words: domestic violence; screening; physician's role; risk factors; partner abuse. ACADEMIC EMER- GENCY MEDICINE 2001; 8:796-803 I N 1992, the American Medical Association published guidelines recommending that medical providers routinely ask all women direct, specific questions about abuse.1 Subsequently, many national medical associations have developed similar guidelines.2-6 Despite these intentions, these recommendations have been fraught with difficulty and remain largely unrealized. Most physicians in the emergency department (ED), as in most settings, do not routinely ask their patients about domestic abuse.7,8 A recent study showed that fewer than 10% of primary care physicians in California routinely take a history about abuse. 9 In the ED, clinicians may be more likely to ask about abuse in women who present with assault-related inju- 10,11 However, women with acute presentations of domestic abuse often do not present with injuries. 12-14The complexity of routinely inquiring about domestic abuse in medical settings has been described. 10,15 Asking all women about this problem may be unrealistic, screening standards are not uniform, and few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of these efforts. However, several programs have achieved the goal of universal screening. 16 In addition, experts assert, and a small body of evidence suggests, that wome...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic Abuse in the Emergency Department: Can a Risk Profile Be Defined?

Zachary

Mulvihill

Burton

et al. 2001

Academic Emergency Medicine

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“…5 The loss of the non-pecuniary gains from labour work may generate or exacerbate marital stress. Furthermore, job loss has seen to be correlated with alcohol abuse (Catalano et al, 1993;Dooley and Prause 1998) and domestic violence is also more prevalent among unemployed (Kyriacou et al, 1999).…”

Section: Theoretical Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lost jobs, broken marriages

Eliason

2011

J Popul Econ

119

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• ESRC Research Centre on Micro-social Change. Established in 1989 to identify, explain, model and forecast social change in Britain at the individual and household level, the Centre specialises in research using longitudinal data.• ESRC UK Longitudinal Centre. This national resource centre was established in October 1999 to promote the use of longitudinal data and to develop a strategy for the future of large-scale longitudinal surveys. It was responsible for the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) and for the ESRC's interest in the National Child Development Study and the 1970 British Cohort Study• European Centre for Analysis in the Social Sciences. ECASS is an interdisciplinary research centre which hosts major research programmes and helps researchers from the EU gain access to longitudinal data and cross-national datasets from all over Europe.The British Household Panel Survey is one of the main instruments for measuring social change in Britain. The BHPS comprises a nationally representative sample of around 5,500 households and over 10,000 individuals who are reinterviewed each year. The questionnaire includes a constant core of items accompanied by a variable component in order to provide for the collection of initial conditions data and to allow for the subsequent inclusion of emerging research and policy concerns.Among the main projects in ISER's research programme are: the labour market and the division of domestic responsibilities; changes in families and households; modelling households' labour force behaviour; wealth, well-being and socio-economic structure; resource distribution in the household; and modelling techniques and survey methodology.BHPS data provide the academic community, policymakers and private sector with a unique national resource and allow for comparative research with similar studies in Europe, the United States and Canada.BHPS data are available from the Data Archive at the University of Essex http://www.data-archive.ac.ukFurther information about the BHPS and other longitudinal surveys can be obtained by telephoning +44 (0) 1206 873543. ABSTRACTThe objective of this paper is to examine the effect of a spouse's job loss on the probability that his/her marriage ends in divorce. Previous empirical studies on this matter are sparse, and the results inconclusive. Moreover, all previous studies focus on the short-term effects. A unique Swedish data set is used, containing all married couples where one of the spouses was displaced, due to an establishment closure, and an appropriate comparison group. I provide further evidence that the adverse consequences of a job loss cannot be measured in monetary terms alone, and extend the current literature on the impact of job loss (unemployment) on marital instability by also investigate the impact in the long run. The results suggest the existence of a destabilizing impact on marriages from both husbands', and wives', job losses, and both in the short and the longer run.JEL Classification: J12, J65

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“…Injuries are among the leading causes of death for females aged 1 to 34 years and represent major sources of morbidity and mortality for middle-aged and elderly women [9,14]. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, more than 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 of murdered women were killed by a person with whom they were acquainted, and approximately 30% of women were killed by a current or former intimate partner [27]. In North America, domestic violence is also the most common cause of nonfatal injury to women [9,14]. Greater than 40% of women have experienced one or more forms of violence: child abuse (17.8%), physical assault (19.1%), rape (20.4%), and/or intimate partner violence (IPV) (34.6%) [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthopaedic Surgeons’ Knowledge and Misconceptions in the Identification of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women

Rocca

Sprague

Dosanjh

et al. 2013

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Intimate partner violence (IPV)-physical, sexual, psychologic, or financial abuse between intimate partners-is the most common cause of nonfatal injury to women in North America. As many IPV-related injuries are musculoskeletal, orthopaedic surgeons are well positioned to identify and assist these patients. However, data are lacking regarding surgeons' knowledge of the prevalence of IPV in orthopaedic practices, surgeons' screening and management methods, and surgeons' perceptions about IPV. Questions/purposes We aimed to identify (1) surgeon attitudes and beliefs regarding victims of IPV and batterers and (2) perceptions of surgeons regarding their role in identifying and assisting victims of IPV. Methods We surveyed 690 surgeon members of the Orthopaedic Trauma Association. The survey had three sections: (1) general perception of orthopaedic surgeons regarding IPV; (2) perceptions of orthopaedic surgeons regarding victims and batterers; and (3) orthopaedic relevance of IPV. One hundred fifty-three surgeons responded (22%). Results Respondents manifested key misconceptions: (1) victims must be getting something out of the abusive relationships (16%); (2) some women have personalities that cause the abuse (20%); and (3) the battering would stop if the batterer quit abusing alcohol (40%). In the past year, approximately 1 . 2 the respondents (51%) acknowledged identifying a victim of IPV; however, only 4% of respondents currently screen injured female patients for IPV. Surgeons expressed concerns regarding lack of knowledge in the management of abused women (30%). Conclusion Orthopaedic surgeons had several misconceptions about victims of IPV and batterers. Targeted educational programs on IPV are needed for surgeons routinely caring for injured women.

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Risk Factors for Injury to Women from Domestic Violence

Cited by 354 publications

References 41 publications

Domestic Abuse in the Emergency Department: Can a Risk Profile Be Defined?

Domestic Abuse in the Emergency Department: Can a Risk Profile Be Defined?

Lost jobs, broken marriages

Orthopaedic Surgeons’ Knowledge and Misconceptions in the Identification of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women

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