Risk Factors for Illness Severity Among Pregnant Women With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection—Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network, 22 State, Local, and Territorial Health Departments, 29 March 2020–5 March 2021

Galang, Romeo R.; Newton, Suzanne; Woodworth, Kate R.; Griffin, Isabel; Oduyebo, Titilope; Sancken, Christina L; Olsen, Emily O’Malley; Aveni, Kathryn; Wingate, Heather; Shephard, Hanna; Fussman, Chris; Alaali, Zahra; Silcox, Kristin; Siebman, Samantha; Halai, Umme-Aiman; Lopez, Camille Delgado; Lush, Mamie; Sokale, Ayomide; Barton, Jerusha; Chaudhary, Ifrah; Patrick, Paul H.; Schlosser, Levi; Reynolds, Bethany; Gaarenstroom, Nicole; Chicchelly, Sarah; Read, Jennifer S.; Wilde, Leah de; Mbotha, Deborah; Azziz‐Baumgartner, Eduardo; Hall, Aron J.; Tong, Van T.; Ellington, Sascha; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Beauregard, Jennifer L.; Hsia, Jason; King, Kellianne; Ko, Jean Y.; Lewis, Elizabeth; Manning, Susan E.; Neelam, Varsha; Perez, Mirna; Petersen, Emily E.; Reynolds, Megan R.; Riser, Aspen P.; Rivera, Maria; Roth, N.; Simeone, Regina M.; Sims, J. Marion; Smoots, Ashley N.; Snead, Margaret C.; Strid, Penelope; Valencia, Diana; Wallace, Bailey; Yowe-Conley, Tineka; Zambrano, Laura D.; Zapata, Lauren B.; Akosa, Amanda; Nahabedian, John F.; Rathore, Amitsingh; Shinde, Neha; Burkel, Veronica; Cherry, Dena; Chang, Daniel; Fox, Charise; Reeves, Emily; Tannis, Ayzsa; Trost, Susanna L.

doi:10.1093/cid/ciab432

Cited by 91 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is important to note that pregnant and lactating women were excluded from clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccines, despite being at increased risk of developing severe illness from COVID-19 compared with non-pregnant females [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Pregnant females with COVID-19 are also at increased risk of hospitalization, intensive-care unit (ICU) admission, invasive ventilation support, and preterm birth compared with pregnant females without COVID-19 [14][15][16]. Several studies have also shown a small, 2% to 3% risk of vertical transmission and the presence of viral RNA in breast milk of mothers infected with COVID-19 [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine in Pregnant and Lactating Women: A Review of Existing Evidence and Practice Guidelines

Garg

Shekhar

Sheikh

et al. 2021

Infectious Disease Reports

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Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has created a global pandemic that is devastating human lives, public healthcare systems, and global economies. Multiple effective and safe COVID-19 vaccines have been developed at an unprecedented speed due to the efforts of the scientific community, and collaboration between the federal government and pharmaceutical companies. However, the continued exclusion of pregnant and lactating women from the COVID anti-viral and vaccine trials has created the paradox of a lack of empirical evidence in a high-risk population. Based on the experience of similar prior vaccines, animal developmental and reproductive toxicology studies, and preliminary findings from human studies, various healthcare professional advisory committees (Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, and Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine) have issued guidance supporting COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant and lactating women. In this article, we summarize the available data on the efficacy and safety profile of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant and lactating women, review the challenges of vaccine hesitancy, and include recommendations for healthcare providers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine in Pregnant and Lactating Women: A Review of Existing Evidence and Practice Guidelines

Garg

Shekhar

Sheikh

et al. 2021

Infectious Disease Reports

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“…We describe neonates by SARS-CoV-2 testing. We focused on SARS-CoV-2 positive neonates and described maternal and birth characteristics, including maternal demographics, maternal COVID-19 disease severity, 10 timing of maternal infection relative to delivery (determined by date of rst positive SARS-CoV-2 or symptom onset, if testing date was missing) and pregnancy complications (e.g., preeclampsia). We assessed neonatal characteristics including gestational age and birthweight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 infections among neonates born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection: maternal, pregnancy and birth characteristics

Olsen¹,

Roth²,

Aveni

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Multiple reports have described neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection, including likely in utero transmission and early postnatal infection. Most neonatal infections reported to date have been asymptomatic or mild disease; however, severe cases, including respiratory failure requiring intensive care unit admission, have been described.Objectives: To describe maternal, pregnancy and infant characteristics among neonates born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy by neonatal SARS-CoV-2 testing results.Methods: Using aggregated data from the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network (SET-NET) from March 29, 2020–August 6, 2021, we identified neonates who were: 1) born to women who were SARS-CoV-2 positive by RT-PCR at any time during their pregnancy, and 2) tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR during the birth hospitalization. Results: Among 25,896 neonates of mothers with SARS-CoV-2-infection, 3,381 (13%) underwent PCR testing. One hundred thirty-six neonates (4%) were PCR-positive. Neonates testing positive were born to both symptomatic and asymptomatic women, and 95% were born to women with infection identified ≤ with 14 days of delivery.Conclusions: While perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection was uncommon among neonates born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, nearly all cases of neonatal infection occurred in pregnant women infected around the time of delivery. These findings underline the need for infection prevention and control measures in delivery and outpatient pediatric settings, as well as counselling for persons who acquire COVID-19 during pregnancy about potential risk to their neonates. Moreover, pregnant people and those wanting to become pregnant should be vaccinated against COVID-19 in order to protect themselves and their infants.

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“…Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic, a plethora of data has accumulated on the virus and its clinical effects on different organ systems, age groups, and special clinical conditions. This information allowed for a rapid development of a currently widely available vaccine and identi cation of susceptible groups of patients, among them pregnant women, especially those with comorbidities [7,6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been reported that pregnant women are more susceptible to a severe form of acute infection and are more likely to require intensive care admission, mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), as well as suffering increased mortality rates [6]. Some of the reported risk factors among pregnant women for severe COVID-19 related complications were: age over 25 years, pre-pregnancy obesity, chronic hypertension, and pre-pregnancy diabetes [7]. All of these risk factors are signi cantly more common among patients conceiving following In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) treatment as opposed to spontaneous conceptions, suggesting that pregnant women following IVF may be at a particularly elevated risk for COVID-19 related complications [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IVF and Early Pregnancy Outcome in Recent COVID 19 Recoverees.

Yossef

Bentov

Gil

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: COVID-19 global pandemic has affected more than 250 million people so far. Data regarding potential effects on reproduction are still limited. Our aim was to examine the effect of COVID-19 on post exposure IVF cycle parameters and obstetric outcomes of IVF-achieved pregnancies.The study contained two arms: a retrospective arm comparing IVF outcome parameters among patients exposed to COVID-19 having an IVF cycle within 3 months of exposure. Post COVID-19 cycle parameters were compared to previous cycles of the same individual, performed within one year of exposure. If not available, parameters were compared to non-exposed matched patients. Sperm parameters were compared before and after exposure. The second arm was prospective comparing pregnancy outcomes among IVF patients who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy, vs. those who did not. Results: The first arm included 120 cycle of which 60 were in exposed female patients and another 60 in either the same patients prior to exposure or matched non exposed patients. Generally, total FSH dose, cycle length, and ovarian response did not significantly differ across exposure groups: including peak serum estradiol, number of oocytes and endometrial thickness, fertilization rate and number of top-quality embryos, were similar between exposed and non-exposed cycles. In 11 of the cycles in which the female partner was exposed the male partner had been recently exposed as well. In these couples, sperm quality showed a significantly lower post-exposure concentration: 6.27million/ml vs. 16.5 (p= 0.008). Interviews conducted in 189 patients with IVF-achieved pregnancies: pregnancy loss was as well as other pregnancy related complications and hospital admissions did not differ between groups. Conclusion: IVF treatment parameters and IVF-achieved pregnancies appear to be unaffected by SARS-CoV-2 exposure and do not involve an excess risk. Sperm concentration seems to be compromised.

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Risk Factors for Illness Severity Among Pregnant Women With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection—Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network, 22 State, Local, and Territorial Health Departments, 29 March 2020–5 March 2021

Cited by 91 publications

References 10 publications

COVID-19 Vaccine in Pregnant and Lactating Women: A Review of Existing Evidence and Practice Guidelines

COVID-19 Vaccine in Pregnant and Lactating Women: A Review of Existing Evidence and Practice Guidelines

SARS-CoV-2 infections among neonates born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection: maternal, pregnancy and birth characteristics

IVF and Early Pregnancy Outcome in Recent COVID 19 Recoverees.

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