Risk Factors for Hospitalization and Mortality due to COVID-19 in Espírito Santo State, Brazil

Soares, Rita de Cássia Menezes; Mattos, Larissa Rodrigues; Raposo, Letícia Martins

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-0483

Cited by 133 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Comparing our results evaluated in the state of Bahia, Brazil, with the reported results of other regions of the world, we see that, in an other state of Brazil, namely Espírito Santo, Soares et al [19] reported a higher mortality rate of 39.6% of the hospitalized patients, when compared to the mortality rate reported in this study (26.8%). Moreover, similar to our results, older age, shortness of breath and the kidney disease were also estimated to be risk factors associated with the mortality from COVID-19.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The SARS-CoV-2 that causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) arises from the RNA mutation of a virus isolated for the first time in 1937 and which initially expanded asymptomatically and with mild symptoms. However, SARS-CoV-2 is currently the pathogen that causes the most concern to the community around the world due to its high transmissibility, thus generating major impacts for health systems [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As stated by the systematic review of Wynants et al [5], age, sex, the presence of comorbidities, and a few biomarkers, such as C reactive protein, creatinine, lymphocyte count, red cell distribution width, and lactate dehydrogenase, are commonly reported as variables correlated with an increased mortality risk, while age and variables derived from computed tomography scans are reported to be more correlated with the length of hospital stay. Using data from Brazil, the work of Soares et al [19] reported that age and shortness of breath are the variables most related to the risk of mortality from COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between hospitalized patients’ demographics, symptoms, comorbidities, and COVID-19 pandemic in Bahia, Brazil

et al. 2020

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In this paper, we provide a retrospective cohort study with patients that have been hospitalized for general or intensive care unit admission due to COVID-19, between March 3 and July 29, 2020, in the state of Bahia, Brazil. We aim to correlate those patients’ demographics, symptoms and comorbidities, with the risk of mortality from COVID-19, length of hospital stay, and time from diagnosis to definitive outcome. On the basis of a dataset provided by the Health Secretary of the State of Bahia, we selected 3,896 hospitalized patients from a total of 154,868 COVID-19 patients that included non-hospitalized patients and patients with invalid registration in the dataset. Then, we statistically analyzed whether there was a significant correlation between the patient record data and the COVID-19 pandemic, and our main findings reinforced by the use of a multivariable logistic regression were that older age (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.03, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.03-1.04, p-value (p) <0.001), an initial symptom of shortness of breath (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.60-2.20, p < 0.001), and the presence of comorbidities, mainly chronic kidney disease (OR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.67-3.48, p < 0.001) are related to an increased risk of mortality from COVID-19. On the other hand, sore throat (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58-0.95, p = 0.02) and length of hospital stay (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.58-0.95, p < 0.001) are more related to a reduced risk of mortality from COVID-19. Moreover, a multivariable linear regression conducted with statistically significant variables (p < 0.05) showed that age (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-0.98, p < 0.001) and time from diagnosis to definitive outcome (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.64-1.71, p < 0.001) are associated with the length of hospital stay.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between hospitalized patients’ demographics, symptoms, comorbidities, and COVID-19 pandemic in Bahia, Brazil

et al. 2020

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“…In a retrospective case series using a Mexican nation-level dataset, current smokers were 23% less likely to be diagnosed with COVID-19 compared to non-smokers, and current smoking was not associated with adverse outcomes ( Giannouchos et al, 2020 ). In contrast, in a large sample of Brazilians patients, smoking was associated with the risk of hospitalization and adverse outcomes ( Soares et al, 2020 ). Smoking history may provide valuable information in identifying at-risk populations.…”

Section: Results and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addictions in the COVID-19 era: Current evidence, future perspectives a comprehensive review

Mallet

Dubertret

Strat

2021

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

126

116

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Background In the context of the COVID-19 worldwide pandemic, an up-to-date review of current challenges in addictions is necessary. While large scale disasters may have an impact on substance use and addictions, the use of some substances is also likely to modify the risk of COVID-19 infection or course. Many countries have imposed lockdowns. Whether this quarantine or the end of lockdown measures will have an impact on substance use is discussed. The aim of this review is to gather knowledge for clinicians and to guide public health policies during/after lockdown. Methods PubMed was reviewed in August 6th (2020), to determine the current evidences and observations concerning the addictions and SARS-CoV2. We used all the names of the severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2 previously 2019 nCoV), the name of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and common substances of abuse. For the physiopathological parts, searches were conducted using key words such as “infection” or “pneumonia”. For the lockdown effects, key words such as “quarantine”, “disaster” or “outbreak” were used. Results Overall, pathophysiological data showed an increased risk of infections for individuals with Substance Use Disorders (SUD) and a possible protective role of nicotine. During lockdown, there is a substantial risk of increasing SUDs. Individuals with opioid use disorder are particularly at risk of relapse or of involuntary withdrawal. After lockdown, increase of use may be observed as far as years after. Individuals with addictions are at higher risk of multimorbidity and mortality during COVID outbreak. Conclusion This review describes useful strategies in clinical practice, including a systematic assessment of addiction comorbidity during this almost worldwide lockdown/pandemic. This review also highlights important areas for future research.

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“…In the group of COVID-19 mortality, the average prevalence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease was 15.15%. Seventeen studies ( Buckner et al, 2020 ; Cao et al, 2020 ; Guan et al, 2020 ; Huang et al, 2020 ; Khamis et al, 2020 ; Y. Li et al, 2020 ; Mao et al, 2020 ; Mendy et al, 2020 ; Petrilli et al, 2020 ; Romero-Sanchez et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020 ; Wei et al, 2020 ; Xie et al, 2020 ; Xu et al, 2020 ; S. Yan et al, 2020 ; G. Zhang et al, 2020 ; J. J. Zhang et al, 2020 ) reported the disease severity of COVID-19 patients with cardio-cerebrovascular disease, and 14 studies ( T. Chen et al, 2020 ; Du et al, 2020 ; Halvatsiotis et al, 2020 ; Inciardi et al, 2020 ; Mehra et al, 2020 ; Nikpouraghdam et al, 2020 ; Ruan et al, 2020 ; Soares et al, 2020 ; Sousa et al, 2020 ; Tu et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2020 ; Y. Yan et al, 2020 ; Yuan et al, 2020 ; Zhou et al, 2020 ) reported the mortality of COVID-19 patients with cardio-cerebrovascular disease.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease is Associated With Severity and Mortality of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yang

et al. 2020

Biological Research For Nursing

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At present, COVID-19 is raging all over the world. Many comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.91–3.74) and hypertension (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.76–3.00), have been shown to worsen the patient’s condition. However, whether cardio-cerebrovascular disease will affect COVID-19 remains unclear. In this meta-analysis, we collected studies from PubMed, Wed of Science and CNKI (Chinese) to July 25, which reported COVID-19 patients with and without cardio-cerebrovascular disease as well as their severity and mortality. The random-effect model meta-analysis was used to analyze them and get overall odds ratios (OR) with 95% CIs. Funnel plots and the Begg’s and Egger’s test were used to assess publication bias. Thirty-one studies with 23,632 patients were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results showed an OR of 3.004 (95% CI = 2.097–4.303) for COVID-19 severity and an OR of 5.587 (95% CI = 2.810–11.112) for COVID-19 mortality. Compared with cardiovascular disease, the subgroup analysis indicated that cerebrovascular disease was more likely to increase the severity (OR = 3.400, 95% CI = 1.569–7.368) and mortality (OR = 23.477, 95% CI = 3.050–180.735) of COVID-19. Therefore, it can be inferred that cardio-cerebrovascular disease is associated with an increase in the risk of severe illness and death among COVID-19 patients. This meta-analysis showed that cardio-cerebrovascular disease has a significant relation with severe and death outcomes of COVID-19. Nurses should pay special attention to COVID-19 patients with the cardio-cerebrovascular disease.

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Risk Factors for Hospitalization and Mortality due to COVID-19 in Espírito Santo State, Brazil

Cited by 133 publications

References 47 publications

Correlation between hospitalized patients’ demographics, symptoms, comorbidities, and COVID-19 pandemic in Bahia, Brazil

Correlation between hospitalized patients’ demographics, symptoms, comorbidities, and COVID-19 pandemic in Bahia, Brazil

Addictions in the COVID-19 era: Current evidence, future perspectives a comprehensive review

Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease is Associated With Severity and Mortality of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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