Risk factors for gastric cancer in patients with Lynch syndrome

Ortigão, Raquel; Brito, Mariana; Pinto, Cláudia Martins Marques; Sá, Inês Marques de; Libânio, Diogo; Dinis‐Ribeiro, Mário; Brandão, Catarina

doi:10.1097/meg.0000000000002405

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Among 2,853 individuals with LS pooling data from 5 studies, the diagnostic yield of GC on endoscopic screening was 2% (95% CI 1.4-2.9), I 2 = 26.1%. 2,24-27 (Figure 2).…”

Section: Results: Endoscopic Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Gastric Cancer and Utility of Endoscopic Screening for Lynch Syndrome Patients

Bar-Mashiah

Ahsan

McGonigle

et al. 2023

Foregut: The Journal of the American Foregut Society

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Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant hereditary condition associated with a genetic predisposition to several cancers. Prior studies have shown an increased risk of gastric cancer (GC) in LS patients. The aim of this study was to synthesize the evidence for gastric cancer risk across Lynch syndrome-associated mutations and to assess the diagnostic utility of endoscopic screening for gastric cancer in these patients. Methods: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of LS-associated gastric cancer risk and the diagnostic utility of endoscopic gastric cancer screening was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and GRADE methodology. Results: The results of this study found an elevated risk of GC in LS patients. Cumulative lifetime risk of GC in LS patients ranged from 2.6% to 38.7% when assessing across all LS mutations. Cumulative incidence ranged from 2.0% to 41.0%. When assessing cumulative incidence across specific LS mutations, MSH2 mutation carriers showed the highest cumulative incidence. RR across specific mutation carriers was generally highest in MSH2 carriers. A meta-analysis of 5 studies reporting diagnostic utility of endoscopic screening for gastric cancer in LS patients revealed a 2% incidence of GC (95% CI, 1.4%−2.9%). Conclusions: Gastric cancer risk in LS patients is greater than in the general population. Endoscopic screening yields low rates of GC in LS patients. Higher quality studies including RCTs are required to more accurately define GC risk and the yield of endoscopic surveillance in LS patients.

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“…Among 2,853 individuals with LS pooling data from 5 studies, the diagnostic yield of GC on endoscopic screening was 2% (95% CI 1.4-2.9), I 2 = 26.1%. 2,24-27 (Figure 2).…”

Section: Results: Endoscopic Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Gastric Cancer and Utility of Endoscopic Screening for Lynch Syndrome Patients

Bar-Mashiah

Ahsan

McGonigle

et al. 2023

Foregut: The Journal of the American Foregut Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The risk factors for gastric cancer include chronic infection with H. pylori , history of chronic gastritis or peptic ulcer disease, smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, a diet high in salt and preserved foods, and family history of gastric cancer [ 88 ]. Certain genetic conditions, such as Lynch syndrome, are also associated [ 89 ].…”

Section: Link Between Periodontitis/oral Bacteria and Gastric Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gum–Gut Axis: Periodontitis and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers

Baima,

Ribaldone,

Romano

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Periodontitis has been linked to an increased risk of various chronic non-communicable diseases, including gastrointestinal cancers. Indeed, dysbiosis of the oral microbiome and immune-inflammatory pathways related to periodontitis may impact the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract and its accessory organs through the so-called “gum–gut axis”. In addition to the hematogenous spread of periodontal pathogens and inflammatory cytokines, recent research suggests that oral pathobionts may translocate to the gastrointestinal tract through saliva, possibly impacting neoplastic processes in the gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic systems. The exact mechanisms by which oral pathogens contribute to the development of digestive tract cancers are not fully understood but may involve dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, chronic inflammation, and immune modulation/evasion, mainly through the interaction with T-helper and monocytic cells. Specifically, keystone periodontal pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, are known to interact with the molecular hallmarks of gastrointestinal cancers, inducing genomic mutations, and promote a permissive immune microenvironment by impairing anti-tumor checkpoints. The evidence gathered here suggests a possible role of periodontitis and oral dysbiosis in the carcinogenesis of the enteral tract. The “gum–gut axis” may therefore represent a promising target for the development of strategies for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.

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Risk factors for gastric cancer in patients with Lynch syndrome

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Risk of Gastric Cancer and Utility of Endoscopic Screening for Lynch Syndrome Patients

Risk of Gastric Cancer and Utility of Endoscopic Screening for Lynch Syndrome Patients

The Gum–Gut Axis: Periodontitis and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers

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