Risk factors for equine glandular and squamous gastric disease in show jumping Warmbloods

Pedersen, Susanne K.; Cribb, Alastair E.; Windeyer, M. Claire; Read, Emma K.; French, Deborah; Banse, Heidi E.

doi:10.1111/evj.12949

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the use of variable scoring systems makes comparisons among studies challenging. Regardless of the scale used, present data suggest that hyperemia is a common finding8 and should be included separately during assessment. Until lesion histopathology is better characterized, a grading scheme whereby glandular hyperemia is considered either present or absent (regardless of appearance or severity of other lesions) might help provide more comprehensive assessment of EGGD.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Prevalence of EGGD is variable and may in part depend upon breed and performance discipline, among other factors. In general, EGGD prevalence appears to be higher among sport horses and Warmblood show jumpers,8,10,11 compared to other breeds and disciplines 12–18. However, variability exists between studies and to date, only one study directly compares multiple breeds 10.…”

Section: Prevalence and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 87%

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<p>Equine glandular gastric disease: prevalence, impact and management strategies</p>

Banse¹,

Andrews²

2019

VMRR

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Equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) is an increasingly recognized disease of the glandular mucosa of the equine stomach. Diagnosis is confirmed by gastric endoscopy and scored based upon one of several different endoscopic scoring systems. Prevalence appears to be variable, depending upon breed and discipline. Primary identified risk factors include exercise frequency, and stress; therefore, management strategies are focused on reducing exercise and stress. Limiting grain intake and increasing pasture turnout may also be helpful preventative measures. Pharmacologic treatment consists primarily of an approved omeprazole product with or without misoprostol or sucralfate. Further research into the pathophysiology of EGGD may allow for identification of other targeted treatments.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Prevalence and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 87%

<p>Equine glandular gastric disease: prevalence, impact and management strategies</p>

Banse¹,

Andrews²

2019

VMRR

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“…Fifty‐four percent of leisure horses and 64% sport horses presented for gastroscopic evaluation in the UK had EGGD . Comparably, 72% of Canadian Warmblood show jumpers and 57% of Danish horses used for a variety of purposes had EGGD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Horses with EGGD were more likely to be racing below expectation than horses without disease. Warmblood show jumpers at international level are less likely to have EGGD than lower level competition horses and polo ponies . These findings suggest that EGGD might have negative impacts on performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A 10.4‐fold increased risk of EGGD was associated with exercising ≥5 days per week in the present study, although no effect of exercise intensity or duration was observed. Exercising Warmblood show jumpers ≥6 days per week increases the risk of disease by 4.6‐fold . It has recently been proposed that a relationship between frequency of exercise and gastric blood supply might exist in horses, or that exercise could be an example of physiological stress on the glandular mucosa .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management factors and clinical implications of glandular and squamous gastric disease in horses

Sykes

Bowen

Habershon‐Butcher

et al. 2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundTo date, risk factors for equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) have not been described in Thoroughbred racehorses.ObjectivesTo determine management factors associated with EGGD, identify clinical signs in affected horses, and compare these to equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD).AnimalsThe study was carried out on 109 Thoroughbred racehorses from 8 training yards (3 in the United Kingdom and 5 in Australia).MethodsGastroscopic examination alongside a questionnaire regarding management, feeding, exercise, and health.ResultsManagement factors and clinical signs were different for EGGD versus ESGD. Exercising ≥5 days per week was associated with a 10.4 times (95% CI [confidence interval]: 1.34‐26.9) increased risk of EGGD. Horses racing below expectation were 3.7 times (95% CI: 1.1‐16.7) more likely to have EGGD. Trainer was also identified as a risk factor for EGGD. Time in work ≤6 weeks was associated with a decreased risk of ESGD (odds ratio [OR] 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1‐0.99). Horses aggressive to humans were less likely to have ESGD (OR 0.12; 95% CI: 0.03‐0.54). Horses with stereotypies were more likely to have ESGD (OR 5.0; 95% CI: 1.6‐15.9).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe findings of our study further support the notion that EGGD should be considered as a distinct disease entity to ESGD. Exercising ≤4 days per week could reduce the risk of EGGD. Horses with EGGD are more likely to perform below expectation and, as such, EGGD might be performance limiting in some affected individuals. Stress minimization could reduce the risk of EGGD.

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Managing glandular gastric disease in horses

Hewetson¹

2021

In Practice

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Background: Equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) is an erosive disease of the glandular mucosa of the stomach, which is increasingly recognised as a potential cause of poor performance, girthing pain and behavioural changes in sport horses. Unfortunately, the cause of EGGD has not yet been identified, and thus targeted treatment is not possible. Therefore, current recommendations for treatment and prevention are based on acid suppression and management strategies aimed at mitigating known risk factors.Aim of the article: This article summarises what we currently know about EGGD and outlines how we can use this information to manage the disease more effectively.

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Risk factors for equine glandular and squamous gastric disease in show jumping Warmbloods

Abstract: Training and feeding strategies and competition level appear to influence the occurrence of EGGD and ESGD. Prospective studies evaluating the impact of training frequency, duration, and intensity on gastric physiology may clarify the role of exercise in gastric disease.

Cited by 31 publications

References 29 publications

<p>Equine glandular gastric disease: prevalence, impact and management strategies</p>

<p>Equine glandular gastric disease: prevalence, impact and management strategies</p>

Management factors and clinical implications of glandular and squamous gastric disease in horses

Managing glandular gastric disease in horses

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