Risk Factors for Dystocia and Perinatal Mortality in Extensively Kept Angus Suckler Cows in Germany

Hohnholz, Tatiana; Volkmann, Nina; Gillandt, Kathia; Waßmuth, Ralf; Kemper, Nicole

doi:10.3390/agriculture9040085

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Birth weight was considered a very good economic indicator in the beef cattle industry [ 5 ] as it was positively associated with post-weaning gain [ 6 ] and mature weight [ 7 ]. Contrariwise, calf birth weight was also identified to be a crucial factor for calving ease and directly associated with dystocia and perinatal mortality [ 8 , 9 ]. Therefore, determining the heritability estimates of birth weight in a cattle herd might boost economic productivity by improving growth traits and limiting the associated birth weight problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variable was considered by many researchers as a good economic indicator as it was positively associated with post-weaning daily weight gain [ 6 ] and matured weight [ 7 ]. Contrastingly, previous studies concluded that BW is a valuable predictor of dystocia (difficulty in giving birth) in cow, perinatal mortality in calves [ 8 , 9 ], and a prolonged calving interval [ 10 ]. Aside from BW, the selection of a heavier weaning weight (WW) was also reported to prolong the gestation length (GL) [ 10 ] and provide a favorable response in age at first calving (AFC) [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Genetic Parameters of Birth Weight and Weaning Weight and Their Relationship with Gestation Length and Age at First Calving in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae)

Lopez

Santiago

Seo

et al. 2020

Animals

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Hanwoo is one of the most economically important animal species in Korea due to its significant contribution to nutrition. However, the current selection index only focuses to improve carcass traits of Hanwoo. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of birth weight (BW) and weaning weight (WW) and their genetic and phenotypic relationship to the age at first calving (AFC) and gestation length (GL) of Hanwoo. The genetic parameters for birth weight (BW) and weaning weight (WW) were estimated using the data obtained from 52,173 and 35,800 Hanwoo calves born from February 1998 to March 2017, respectively. Further, these data were used to determine their genetic and phenotypic correlation to age at first calving (AFC) and gestation length (GL). The heritability estimates of BW and WW and correlation coefficients were obtained using the average information restricted maximum likelihood (AIREML) procedure, fit in single and two-trait linear animal models. The estimated direct heritability for BW and WW was moderate (0.22 ± 0.02) and high (0.51 ± 0.03), respectively, while the maternal heritability for both traits was 0.12 ± 0.01 and 0.17 ± 0.01, respectively. The genetic correlation of BW and reproductive traits (AFC and GL) showed a moderate and high positive correlation coefficient of 0.33 ± 0.06 and 0.53 ± 0.02, respectively, while close to zero and low positive phenotypic correlations of 0.06 ± 0.01 and 0.21 ± 0.06 were also observed between the correlated traits, respectively. For the correlation analysis between WW and AFC, both the genetic and phenotypic correlation showed close to zero values of 0.04 ± 0.06 and −0.01 ± 0.01, respectively. Meanwhile, the genetic and phenotypic correlation between WW and GL showed low and negative correlations of −0.09 ± 0.06 and −0.09 ± 0.01, respectively. These obtained estimated variances for BW and WW and their corresponding genetic and phenotypic correlation to AFC and GL can be used as information for genetic improvement and subsequent economic improvement of Hanwoo farming.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Genetic Parameters of Birth Weight and Weaning Weight and Their Relationship with Gestation Length and Age at First Calving in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae)

Lopez

Santiago

Seo

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Moreover, the CE rate increased as the PO advanced. The BW of calves and the PO are considered the most important factors affecting CE (Hohnholz et al., 2019). Decreasing CE for light calves in PP and MP may be attributed to the increased incidence of stillbirth (Salem & Amin, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decreasing CE for light calves in PP and MP may be attributed to the increased incidence of stillbirth (Salem & Amin, 2017). Additionally, decreasing CE in PP for heavy calves compared with older dams may be due to disproportionate pelvic dimensions of the dam and calf size (Hohnholz et al., 2019). The increased BW in MP did not decrease the CE rate as traditionally happens in cattle because of anatomical differences between buffalo and cattle, buffalo having more capacious pelvis and larger area of ileum (Purohit et al., 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting calving ease in Egyptian buffalo

Amin

Salem

Ibrahim

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Calving ease (CE) is a trait of economic importance that affects animal welfare and farm profitability. The objective of present study was to investigate genetic and environmental factors affecting CE among Primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) buffaloes. A total of 9,627 records from 1999 MP and 2,110 PP recorded during the period from 1988 to 2018 were considered. Herd, season of calving, year of calving, birth weight, parity order and gestation length significantly affected CE rate, while age at first calving and sex of calf had no significant effects. Direct and maternal heritabilities of CE in PP and MP were 0.06 and 0.01, respectively. The low heritability of CE indicated that direct selection may not be an effective method to improve CE trait in Egyptian buffalo.

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“…The risks of dystocia [11] can be caused and increased by numerous factors-. Regardless of parity, calf's sex, weight, body size, pelvic and dam measurements, such metabolic disorders as hypocalcemia and seasonal effects, as well as an impact of environmental stress at the time of or just before parturition have been identified as risk factors [12][13][14][15]. Complicated and prolonged calving that requires a veterinary surgical intervention is dystocia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows

et al. 2021

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The aim of this research was to identify the relationship of calvin ease and level of in-line milk urea (MU) and other milk components, namely milk yield (MY), electrical conductivity (EC), milk fat (MF), milk protein (MP), milk fat/protein ratio (MF/MP), and somatic cell count (SCC) in dairy cows. The cows for the research were selected following such criteria: cows were tested within the period of up to the first 30 days after calving and had had a range of lactation numbers from two to four. Each selected farm housed more than 500 dairy cows and a total of 4712 calving cases from the eight dairy farms were studied and evaluated. The 4-point scale was used for the evaluation of the calving according to the point value meanings where 1 = easy, unassisted; 2 = easy, assisted; 3 = difficult, assisted; 4 = difficult, requiring veterinary intervention. A total of 4712 calving cases were researched and scored. The chemical properties of milk in all research cows were analyzed during the early phase of lactation (from the onset of calving to 30 days past calving) every day, during each milking. Cows were classified into groups according to the level of urea in milk: Group 1 had MU ≤ 15 mg/dL (12.6% of cows), Group 2 had MU 16–30 mg/dL (62.4% of cows), and Group 3 had MU > 30 mg/dL (25.0% of cows). We found that cows with milk urea levels between 16 and 30 mg/dL had the lowest incidence of dystocia, and also the highest concentration of milk lactose (ML ≥ 4.6%), the lowest mean value of milk electrical conductivity, and the lowest value of milk SCC. Dystocia increased the risk of somatic cell growth in cow’s milk above the herd average (OR = 1.364; 95% CI = 1.184–1.571, p < 0.001), and normal urea in milk reduced this risk (OR = 0.749; 95% CI = 0.642–0.869, p = 0.05). In all groups of cows, according to the level of urea in milk, the productivity of cows without dystocia at calving was higher (2.50–5.51 kg) as well as the milk protein % (0.13–0.21%) and milk lactose % (0.07–0.19%). We concluded that, in all groups of cows, according to the level of urea in milk, the productivity and milk lactose concentration of cows without dystocia at calving was higher, and lower somatic cells count and electrical conductivity values were found in the milk compared with cows diagnosed with dystocia at calving. We can state that dystocia has a negative effect on milk urea concentration and can increase the risk of mastitis.

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Risk Factors for Dystocia and Perinatal Mortality in Extensively Kept Angus Suckler Cows in Germany

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

Genetic Parameters of Birth Weight and Weaning Weight and Their Relationship with Gestation Length and Age at First Calving in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae)

Genetic Parameters of Birth Weight and Weaning Weight and Their Relationship with Gestation Length and Age at First Calving in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae)

Factors affecting calving ease in Egyptian buffalo

Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows

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