Risk factors for disability discharge in enlisted active duty Army soldiers

Piccirillo, Amanda L.; Packnett, Elizabeth; Cowan, David N.; Boivin, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.11.005

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Of 38 studies on the association between BMI and disability retirement, we excluded 11 studies (online supplementary material). Finally, 27 studies (29 reports, N=2 199 632 participants), including 25 prospective cohort studies (27 reports)1 3 7–9 17–19 22 27 28 30 32–35 41–51 and 2 nested case-control studies,52 53 qualified for meta-analyses (online supplementary table 3). There were 10 studies from Finland, 6 from Sweden, 4 from Norway, 3 from Denmark, 2 from the USA and 1 from Germany.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index and the risk of disability retirement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

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The aim of this study was to determine the associations of body mass index (BMI) with all-cause and cause-specific disability retirement. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from their inception to May 2019. A total of 27 (25 prospective cohort and 2 nested case-control) studies consisting of 2 199 632 individuals qualified for a meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. We used a random effects meta-analysis, assessed heterogeneity and publication bias, and performed sensitivity analyses. There were a large number of participants and the majority of studies were rated at low or moderate risk of bias. There was a J-shaped relationship between BMI and disability retirement. Underweight (hazard ratio (HR)/risk ratio (RR)=1.20, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.41), overweight (HR/RR=1.13, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.19) and obese individuals (HR/RR=1.52, 95% CI 1.36 to 1.71) were more commonly granted all-cause disability retirement than normal-weight individuals. Moreover, overweight increased the risk of disability retirement due to musculoskeletal disorders (HR/RR=1.26, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.39) and cardiovascular diseases (HR=1.73, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.41), and obesity increased the risk of disability retirement due to musculoskeletal disorders (HR/RR=1.66, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.94), mental disorders (HR=1.29, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.61) and cardiovascular diseases (HR=2.80, 95% CI 1.85 to 4.24). The association between excess body mass and all-cause disability retirement did not differ between men and women and was independent of selection bias, performance bias, confounding and adjustment for publication bias. Obesity markedly increases the risk of disability retirement due to musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders. Since the prevalence of obesity is increasing globally, disease burden associated with excess body mass and disability retirement consequently are projected to increase. Reviewregistrationnumber: CRD42018103110.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index and the risk of disability retirement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

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“…Excess weight has been associated with numerous health issues for the military personnel such as hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnea [ 6 ], and musculoskeletal injuries [ 7 , 8 ]. In particular, musculoskeletal conditions together with overweight significantly increases the risk of disabilities in the US army which leads to the increased odds of disability discharge [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio misclassification of overweight and obesity in Chinese military personnel

Zhu

Huang

et al. 2020

J Physiol Anthropol

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Background: The rising prevalence of obesity in military personnel has raised great concerns. Previous studies suggest that body mass index (BMI)-and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)-based obesity classifications in US military personnel and firefighters have high false negative and subsequently cause obesity misclassification. Objective: To determine whether BMI and WHR could reflect the fat mass of Chinese military personnel. Methods: Three hundred fifty-three male Chinese military personnel and 380 age-matched male adults were recruited. Obesity classification was defined by BMI, WHR, and body fat percentage (BFP). Results: Chinese military personnel had extremely low obesity rate determined by either BFP (0.3%) or BMI (0.6%). By combining overweight and obese individuals, BMI-and WHR-determined prevalence of overweight/obesity was 22.4% and 17.0% compared to BFP-based standard (4.0%) (P < 0.05). In reference to BFP, BMI and WHR have high false-positive rate compared to the control group. Further analysis showed that Chinese military personnel consisted of high percentage of BFP low BMI high and/or BFP low WHR high subpopulations. Eighty-one percent of BMI high and 78.3% of WHR high of them were BFP low. Conclusions: Chinese military personnel has extremely low obesity rate. BMI and WHR have high false-positive rates in reference to BFP, which cannot accurately reflect the mass of adipose tissue and leads to obesity misclassification.

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“…At the same time, it points out is that there are also social factors linked to the risk of being discharged from military organizations. Level of education, marital status, age, and the number of children can be taken into account when deciding to withdraw from a military career 5 . In this list of factors that affect the performance of military personnel and may lead them to quit, are also behavioral factors, such as smoking and prior lifestyle 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, psychological and demographic factors associated with military discharge: a systematic review

Fidelis

Miranda

Bunn

2021

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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Risk factors for disability discharge in enlisted active duty Army soldiers

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Body mass index and the risk of disability retirement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Body mass index and the risk of disability retirement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio misclassification of overweight and obesity in Chinese military personnel

Physical, psychological and demographic factors associated with military discharge: a systematic review

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