Risk factors for dementia in the epidemiological study of Munguialde County (Basque Country-Spain)

Martínez, Manuel Fernández; Flores, Jéssica Castro; Heras, Susana Pérez de las; Lekumberri, Aitziber Mandaluniz; Menocal, María Gordejuela; Imirizaldu, Juan José Zarranz

doi:10.1186/1471-2377-8-39

Cited by 51 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…These factors have been previously identified, to some extent, as dementia risk factors in developed countries [30,44]. In Spain, some authors have found no correlation between dementia and sex [11] or years of education [45]. The effect of age on male subjects in our study was much less striking, similar to previous reports in our country [10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Prevalence of Dementia and Subtypes in Valladolid, Northwestern Spain: The DEMINVALL Study

et al. 2013

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ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of dementia and subtypes in a general elderly population in northwestern Spain and to analyze the influence of socio-demographic factors.MethodsCross-sectional, two-phase, door-to-door, population-based study. A total of 870 individuals from a rural region and 2,119 individuals from an urban region of Valladolid, Spain, were involved. The seven-minute screen neurocognitive battery was used in the screening phase. A control group was included.ResultsA total of 2,170 individuals aged 65 to 104 years (57% women) were assessed. There were 184 subjects diagnosed with dementia. The crude prevalence was 8.5% (95% CI: 7.3-9.7). Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence was 5.5 (95% CI: 4.5-6.5). Main subtypes of dementia were: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) 77.7%, Lewy Body disease, 7.6% and vascular dementia (VD) 5.9%. Crude prevalences were 6.6% (AD), 0.6% (Lewy Body disease), and 0.5% (VD). Dementia was associated with age (OR 1.14 for 1-year increase in age), female sex (OR 1.79) and the absence of formal education (OR 2.53 compared to subjects with primary education or more).ConclusionThe prevalence of dementia in the study population was lower than the most recent estimates for Western Europe. There was a high proportion of AD among all dementia cases and very low prevalence of VD. Old age, female sex, and low education level were independent risk factors for dementia and AD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Prevalence of Dementia and Subtypes in Valladolid, Northwestern Spain: The DEMINVALL Study

et al. 2013

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“…Epidemiological studies have consistently shown a strong association between age and dementia 27–30 . The present study also showed the OR of dementia increased to 3.01 for people aged 85 years or more, compared with the younger group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…A large Italian population study found sex is not associated with dementia risk for older people 28 . In contrast, a Spanish study showed women are more likely to have dementia than men 29 . Thus, the geographic variation of dementia between men and women might be dependent on the population characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Association between polypharmacy and dementia in older people: A population‐based case–control study in Taiwan

Lai

Lin

Liao

et al. 2012

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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“…The risk factors identified using the above methods were alcohol misuse, 17–19 smoking, 20 obesity, 21,22 hypertension, 23 ischemic heart disease, 8 cerebrovascular disease, 24,25 hypotension, 5,26 dyslipidaemia, 27 diabetes, 8,28–30 anxiety 13 and depression. 7,9–11 The ‘lifestyle’ variables including alcohol misuse, smoking and obesity were found to be poorly coded (e.g. only 4 people had a Read code for smoking) and were not included in further analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of anxiety and depression with future dementia diagnosis: a case-control study in primary care

et al. 2012

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Background.Depression is identified as a risk factor for dementia. Little research has been carried out on the importance of anxiety, despite strong evidence of co-morbidity with depression.Objective.To examine the association of anxiety and depression with future dementia diagnosis.Methods.This case-control study was set in the Consultations in Primary Care Archive. Cases (n = 400), were patients aged >65 years old. About 1353 controls were matched to cases by gender, practice, age group and year of case diagnosis. Read codes of risk factors for dementia were searched in patient records. The associations of prior consultations for anxiety and depression, with future diagnosis of dementia were determined using multivariable logistic regression.Results.A past anxiety diagnosis was associated with a future dementia diagnosis [odds ratio 2.76 (95% confidence interval 2.11–3.62)]. The association of depression with dementia was attenuated by the high prevalence of anxiety within those who have depression. Including an interaction of depression and anxiety showed that having only depression was associated with future dementia diagnosis but a diagnosis of depression alongside anxiety did not increase the likelihood of a dementia diagnosis compared to having just an anxiety diagnosis.Conclusion.Prior diagnosis of anxiety was strongly associated with dementia diagnosis after adjustment for other risk factors. The independent effect of depression was weaker compared to anxiety. Given the higher prevalence of anxiety primary care physicians should consider anxiety as well as depression as premorbid risk factors of dementia to improve early recognition and facilitate greater access to services.

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Risk factors for dementia in the epidemiological study of Munguialde County (Basque Country-Spain)

Cited by 51 publications

References 66 publications

Prevalence of Dementia and Subtypes in Valladolid, Northwestern Spain: The DEMINVALL Study

Prevalence of Dementia and Subtypes in Valladolid, Northwestern Spain: The DEMINVALL Study

Association between polypharmacy and dementia in older people: A population‐based case–control study in Taiwan

The association of anxiety and depression with future dementia diagnosis: a case-control study in primary care

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