Risk factors for community-associated<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>infections: results from parallel studies including methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive<i>S. aureus</i>compared to uninfected controls

Como-Sabetti, Kathy; Harriman, Kathleen; Fridkin, Scott K.; Jawahir, Selina; Lynfield, Ruth

doi:10.1017/s0950268810001111

Cited by 19 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In our study, we evaluated the 6 "Cs" of potential risk factors for CA-MRSA and found few differences when compared with CA-MSSA. Similar to previous findings, neither crowding nor cleanliness distinguished CA-MRSA from CA-MSSA infection [28,29]. While others have found a significant association between prior antibiotic use and CA-MRSA (vs CA-MSSA), we did not [28].…”

Section: Continuedsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Similar to previous findings, neither crowding nor cleanliness distinguished CA-MRSA from CA-MSSA infection [28,29]. While others have found a significant association between prior antibiotic use and CA-MRSA (vs CA-MSSA), we did not [28]. The few significant associations we noted were with CA-MSSA infection (vs CA-MRSA).…”

Section: Continuedsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…More recently, a prospective hypothesis-generating study of adult and pediatric subjects from Minnesota found that, compared to CA-MSSA cases and uninfected controls, only antibiotic use in the prior 6 months was associated with CA-MRSA infection, and the assessment of non-healthcare risk factors was unrevealing [28]. In our study, we evaluated the 6 "Cs" of potential risk factors for CA-MRSA and found few differences when compared with CA-MSSA.…”

Section: Continuedmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Epidemiologic Similarities in Pediatric Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in the San Francisco Bay Area

Hsiang

Shiau

Nadle³

et al. 2012

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

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Section: Continuedsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Continuedsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Continuedmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Epidemiologic Similarities in Pediatric Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in the San Francisco Bay Area

Hsiang

Shiau

Nadle³

et al. 2012

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

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“…Other sites include any lesions, manipulated sites (such as intravenous and urinary catheters), the axillae, the fingertips and the hairline. The latter two sites can provide clues that patients are dispersers with an increased risk of transmission to other patients, family members or the wider environment around patient areas or the home [19,20]. Pooling swabs from several sampling sites into a single broth culture has long been advocated as a cost-effective screening method where one just wants to know whether, rather than where, subjects are positive [21].…”

Section: Universal and Targeted Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): screening and decolonisation

Cookson¹,

Bonten²,

Mackenzie³

et al. 2011

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are of increasing importance to clinicians, public health agencies and governments. Prevention and control strategies must address sources in healthcare settings, the community and livestock. This document presents the conclusions of a European Consensus Conference on the role of screening and decolonisation in the control of MRSA infection. The conference was held in Rome on 5-6 March 2010 and was organised jointly by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and the International Society of Chemotherapy (ISC). In an environment where MRSA is endemic, universal or targeted screening of patients to detect colonisation was considered to be an essential pillar of any MRSA control programme, along with the option of decolonising carriers dependent on relative risk of infection, either to self or others, in a specific setting. Staff screening may be useful but is problematic as it needs to distinguish between transient carriage and longer-term colonisation. The consequences of identification of MRSA-positive staff may have important effects on morale and the ability to maintain staffing levels. The role of environmental contamination in MRSA infection is unclear, but screening may be helpful as an audit of hygiene procedures. In all situations, screening procedures and decolonisation carry a significant cost burden, the clinical value of which requires careful evaluation. European initiatives designed to provide further information on the cost/benefit value of particular strategies in the control of infection, including those involving MRSA, are in progress.

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“…These infections have been especially frequent in certain high-risk groups such as military recruits, prison and jail inmates, athletes, and children in daycare (reviewed in reference 1). Common risk factors associated with CA-MRSA include sharing of personal items, superficial abrasions, crowding, limited access to showers, and exposure to others with MRSA infections (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates Obtained from the Rikers Island Jail System from 2009 to 2013

et al. 2014

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a recognized cause of community-associated (CA) skin and soft tissue infections in otherwise healthy individuals (1, 2). These infections have been especially frequent in certain high-risk groups such as military recruits, prison and jail inmates, athletes, and children in daycare (reviewed in reference 1). Common risk factors associated with CA-MRSA include sharing of personal items, superficial abrasions, crowding, limited access to showers, and exposure to others with MRSA infections (3-6).MRSA infections that occur in correctional facilities (both prisons and jails) are of special concern due to the high risk for outbreaks and the potential for more invasive infections, as well as the risk of recurrent infections among inmates (7,8). While a prison holds inmates with extended sentences following conviction, jails hold detainees awaiting trial, inmates awaiting sentencing, and inmates that have been given a sentence of Յ1 year. Newly released inmates may introduce epidemic strains of CA-MRSA into the community, while inmates awaiting transfer may transmit their strains to the prison population (8, 9). Thus, jails may serve as an important reservoir and amplification center of epidemic MRSA strains for both the community and prison populations (9).Outbreaks of CA-MRSA in jails have occurred in different geographic regions of the United States (6, 10). Notably, a MRSA outbreak in 2002 at the Los Angeles County Jail involved 928 inmates (6). We recently reported that the prevalence of MRSA colonization among inmates entering two New York State (NYS) prisons was 10.6% for females and 5.9% for males, far higher than the prevalence of 0.5% to 1.5% reported for the general population (5, 11).There have been few investigations that describe MRSA clinical isolates from inmates of large jails (12,13). No such studies have been performed at Rikers Island Correctional Facility (RICF), one of the largest jails in the country. Of note, 46% of inmates under custody in NYS prisons are committed from New York City (NYC), and most inmates committed from NYC are jailed at RICF (see http://www.doccs.ny.gov /Research/Reports/2013/UnderCustody_Report_2013.pdf). We therefore characterized a large collection of MRSA clinical isolates from RICF with the goal of better understanding the contribution of jail transfers to the introduction of MRSA into the prison system. This would be an initial step toward developing strategies to reduce the introduction and spread of MRSA.According to the NYC Department of Corrections report from October to December 2012 (14), RICF houses roughly 12,700 inmates, including detainees awaiting trial (76.0%), new convicts serving sentences (16.0%), and new convicts awaiting transfer to a state prison facility (8.0%). The average length of stay for an inmate is 54 days; Ͼ75.0% of inmates are discharged directly into the community after their release. In 2012, there were Ͼ87,000 admissions to and 88,000 discharges from RICF. Most inmates were male (93.0%)...

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Risk factors for community-associatedStaphylococcus aureusinfections: results from parallel studies including methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitiveS. aureuscompared to uninfected controls

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

Epidemiologic Similarities in Pediatric Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in the San Francisco Bay Area

Epidemiologic Similarities in Pediatric Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in the San Francisco Bay Area

Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): screening and decolonisation

Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates Obtained from the Rikers Island Jail System from 2009 to 2013

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