Risk factors for canine leishmaniasis in an endemic Mediterranean region

Cortes, Sofia; Vaz, Yolanda; Neves, Rodolfo; Maia, Carla; Cardoso, Luı́s; Campino, Lenea

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.04.028

Cited by 112 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Clinical signs observed in dogs with clinical CanL are comparable to those reported by other authors (Baneth et al 2008, Cortes et al 2012. However, asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs play a role in the spread of infection, because they are both capable of infecting sandflies (Maroli et al 2010, Gramiccia, 2011.…”

Section: Leishmaniasis Surveillance In Kennels Of Northern Italysupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In the Mediterranean Basin, Leishmania infantum is the etiological agent of canine leishmaniasis (CanL) and of zoonotic human cutaneous (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Dogs are the main reservoir hosts for human infection (Maroli et al 2010, Cortes et al 2012. CanL is also listed among the notifiable diseases by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Surveillance Program on Canine Leishmaniasis in the Public Kennels of Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy

Santi

Renzi

Baldelli

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Since 2007, a canine leishmaniasis (CanL) surveillance program has been carried out in public kennels of the Emilia-Romagna region with the aim of providing health guarantees for dog adoptions. According to this program, monitoring activities were performed to verify the presence of sandflies and infected dogs, and a specific CanL risk class was assigned to each kennel, resulting in different control approaches (entomological and/or serological monitoring, clinical surveillance, therapeutic treatment of infected dogs, protections against vector bites). From 2007 to 2012, 20,931 dogs, 89.8% of which were identified by microchip and housed in 73 kennels, were examined using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. In all, 528 (2.8%) dogs tested positive, and 43.0% of these were asymptomatic. The authors used monitoring results, in particular serological tests performed on dogs at admittance to the kennel and annual controls of sentinel dogs, to estimate CanL risk in the whole region and to evaluate the efficacy of the preventive measures adopted. CanL seroprevalence in dogs tested at the admittance in kennels increased significantly from 2010 (1.0%; 29/2858) to 2012 (2.4%; 69/2841). In contrast, the number of seroconversions in sentinel dogs was stable in 2010 (1.2%; 11/896) and 2011 (1.6%; 13/825) and decreased in 2012 (0.9%; 8/850), suggesting the efficacy of the preventive measures applied.

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Section: Leishmaniasis Surveillance In Kennels Of Northern Italysupporting

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Surveillance Program on Canine Leishmaniasis in the Public Kennels of Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy

Santi

Renzi

Baldelli

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…The dogs are considered as the most important reservoir hosts for human infection (Cortes et al 2012;da Silva et al 2009). In the endemic areas of Iran, ownership dogs are described as major risk factors for HVL (Gavgani et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to symptomatic dogs, asymptomatic ones are also as source of Leishmania infantum infection (Moshfe et al 2009;Cortes et al 2012). Thus surveillance and control programs of reservoir hosts are essential (Silva et al 2012;Tesh 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine visceral leishmaniasis: seroprevalence survey of asymptomatic dogs in an endemic area of northwestern Iran

et al. 2013

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Canine visceral leishmaniasis is a major public health problem that is endemic in tropical and sub tropical countries and is fatal in humans and dogs. In addition to symptomatic dogs, asymptomatic ones seem as source of Leishmania infantum infection. Thus surveillance and control programs of reservoir hosts are essential. This study aimed to evaluate the sero-prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis in asymptomatic domestic dogs from in an endemic area of north west, Iran. A cross sectional study was carried out in Meshkin-Shahr district during 2011-2012. Blood samples collected from 508 asymptomatic domestic dogs were tested by direct agglutination test. In this study 508 dogs (397 males and 111 females, mean age, 3.24 years) from western and eastern parts of the MeshkinShahr were examined. A total of 508 dogs examined 119 dogs (23.4 %) had antibodies (titers of C1:320) against L. infantum. Statistically significance was occurred between male (25.4 %) and female (16.2) sero-prevalence (P = 0.042). No statistically significance was observed between age groups (P = 0.22). Compared with previous studies it seems to increase sero-prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs in the studied areas caused by ecological changes. High proportion of asymptomatic but seropositive dogs emphasizes the importance of dogs without clinical signs in the epidemiology of zoonotic leishmaniasis. Thus, the necessity of using serological tests in asymptomatic dogs is recommended for disease control strategy.

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“…Fonte: OMS (2012), disponível em: http://www.who.int/leishmaniasis/ leishmaniasis_maps/en/ De forma global, a soroprevalência na região mediterrânea, assim como no oriente médio, oscila entre valores de 10 a 37% (MOHAMMADIHA et al, 2012). Em Portugal, um país onde a doença se disseminou principalmente nos últimos 20 anos, atingiu índice de soroprevalência acima de 20% em alguns locais (CORTES et al, 2012). ABRANTES & SILVEIRA (2009) observaram que as mudanças climáticas estão avançando para o norte os atuais limites de distribuição do vetor na Europa, colaborando com o aumento de surtos.…”

Section: Incidência E Distribuiçãounclassified

Aspectos Gerais Da Leishmaniose Visceral

2015

Enciclopédia Biosfera

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RESUMOLeishmaniose visceral (LV) é uma zoonose crônica, causada por um protozoário intracelular do gênero Leishmania, cuja transmissão ocorre através da picada de um vetor flebotomíneo. Os cães são o principal reservatório desta doença. A LV é responsável anualmente por 59.000 óbitos sendo, de acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde, a segunda enfermidade de maior relevância entre as protozooses tropicais. Portanto, para a melhor compreensão desta doença, neste trabalho foram reunidas informações relacionando os protozoários, os insetos vetores e os hospedeiros susceptíveis nas diferentes regiões onde ocorrem. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Brasil, Cão, Leishmania, Parasita VICERAL LEISHMANIASIS: GENERAL ASPECTS ABSTRACT Visceral Leishmaniasis (LV) is a chronical zoonoses caused by an intracellular protozoan of genus Leishmania which transmission occurs through phlebotomine vector bite. Dogs are the main reservoir of this disease. Annually, LV is responsible for 59,000 deaths and, according to World Health Organization, is the second most relevant disease among tropical protozoan zoonoses. Therefore, to better understand this disease, the present work gathered data about protozoa, vector insects and susceptible hosts in the different regions they happen.

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Risk factors for canine leishmaniasis in an endemic Mediterranean region

Cited by 112 publications

References 20 publications

A Surveillance Program on Canine Leishmaniasis in the Public Kennels of Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy

A Surveillance Program on Canine Leishmaniasis in the Public Kennels of Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy

Canine visceral leishmaniasis: seroprevalence survey of asymptomatic dogs in an endemic area of northwestern Iran

Aspectos Gerais Da Leishmaniose Visceral

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