Risk factors for Brucellosis and knowledge-attitude practice among pastoralists in Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia

Tschopp, Rea; Gebregiorgis, Ashenafi; Abdulkadir, Oumer; Molla, Wassie; Hamid, Muhammed; Tassachew, Yayehyirad; Henok, Andualem; Osman, Mahlet; Waqjira, Mulugeta Waji; Mohammed, Abdulkadir; Negrón, María; Walke, Henry; Kadzik, Melissa; Mamo, Gezahegne

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105557

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…On the other hand, in Harari region 80% of study participants had information regarding the zoonotic importance and mode of transmission as presented on (Table 4). These finding contrasts with the findings of studies from the previous studies in Afar region 50% of the study participants had information about zoonotic [33]. Similar previous reports from Sri Lanka [60] and Nigeria [69] regarding the zoonotic importance and mode of transmission, most of the study participants had no a clear information.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Population towards Brucellosis in Ethiopia: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

GE,

YD,

et al. 2023

AustinJPublicHealthEpidemiol

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Background: Brucellosis is one of the zoonotic pathogen in the world which is a challenging issues for health and responsible for enormous economic losses in many developing countries such as/like Ethiopia. Considering the high prevalence and economic importance of brucellosis, the aim of this study was systematically review published data to explore the distributions of the pooled knowledge, the awareness, attitude and practice of level of the disease in Ethiopia. Methodology: A comprehensive literature search was conducted through search engine includes Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, Scirus, Science Direct, HINARI databases, PubMed and reference lists of previous studies. Published articles were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Overall knowledge, awareness levels, attitude and practices of study participants regarding the mode of brucellosis transmission, zoonotic nature, and symptoms of brucellosis in animals and humans. Results were presented in funnel plot, the forest plot, figures, and tables with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI). To assess heterogeneity we used inconsistency index (I2) test statistics. And also we used random effect model and R studio (4.2.0) statistical software to compute the analysis of the data. The analysis was conducted and reported in accordance with Meta-analyses guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review. Results: After excluded articles which did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, a total of 28 original articles that reporting the brucellosis awareness levels of communities in Ethiopia were included in the analysis. 16.98% of the studies population had overall knowledge of brucellosis, and the pooled awareness levels regarding the zoonotic nature and mode of transmission of brucellosis were 22.75% with 95% CL (0.1337; 0.3373). And also 18.5% of study participants had awareness about clinical sign of signs of human and animal brucellosis. From the study participants, 74.3% of them had poor practice regarding transmission of brucellosis includes consumption of raw milk and meat, unsafely contact their animals. Sub-group analyses showed that there were differences in brucellosis awareness levels among regions. In Oromia region 20.4% of respondents had knowledge with 95% CL (0.0999; 0.2524), I2 = 94.8%, p-value < 0.0001 where as in Amhara region 69.8% of respondents had knowledge about brucellosis. Regarding attitudes in Amhara region the studies participants had lowest attitudes (22%) towards brucellosis as compared with others region. Conclusion: In general, the result of the present study showed that the population had less clear understanding about brucellosis as it affects their animals, cause abortion and its zoonotic importance. This result implies that it is necessary to create awareness of the zoonotic and its economic effect of brucellosis through a various methods, including the public media, veterinary professionals, community health extension, and local leaders.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Population towards Brucellosis in Ethiopia: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

GE,

YD,

et al. 2023

AustinJPublicHealthEpidemiol

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“…Moreover, our study highlighted a stark difference in disease knowledge between male and female participants. Considering the daily role of pastoral women in the household including milking, cooking and marketing [ 23 ], it is of paramount importance to assess the sources of this inequality in disease knowledge gap in order to provide better health awareness and empower women to mitigate disease exposure risks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge-attitude and practice of Anthrax and brucellosis: Implications for zoonotic disease surveillance and control in pastoral communities of Afar and Somali region, Ethiopia

Tschopp,

Kidanu

2024

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

Self Cite

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Background Anthrax and brucellosis are endemic national priority zoonotic diseases in Ethiopia. This study assess the possible factors explaining the current limited information available on animal and human cases in pastoral communities. Methods Two questionnaire surveys gathered data from 509 pastoralists and 51 healthcare providers between February and April 2019 in five districts of Afar and the Somali region (SRS). Results Among the 51 healthcare providers, 25 (49%) and 38 (74.5%) had heard of brucellosis, and anthrax, respectively. Of those, only 3 (12%) and 14 (36.8%) knew the symptoms of brucellosis and Anthrax. None of the Health Extension Workers knew any disease symptoms. Healthcare providers recalled two human cases of brucellosis and 39 cases of Anthrax in the last 12 months, based on symptom-based diagnosis. Pastoralists had a moderate level of knowledge about diseases in their animals, with over half (52.4%; n = 267/509) understanding that animals can transmit diseases to people. Overall, 280 out of 508 (55.1%) and 333 out of 507 (65.7%) pastoralists had heard of brucellosis and Anthrax, respectively. Among the latter, 282 (51.3%) knew at least one preventive measure for Anthrax. However, disease knowledge among women was poor. Despite their knowledge, pastoralists engaged in risky unprotected animal handling, animal product consumption/usage as well as husbandry behaviors exposing them to pathogens and favoring the spread of diseases. They identified Anthrax as the most important zoonosis (47.6%) and as one of top three diseases suspected to cause mortality in their livestock. Pastoralists highlighted lack of vaccine coverage, availability and their timely administration. Both, pastoralists and healthcare providers stated the lack of disease awareness and the unavailability of drugs in the market as important challenges. Health facilities lacked protocols and standard operating procedures for managing zoonotic diseases, and did not have access to laboratory confirmation of pathogens. Conclusion Our study revealed significant under-reporting of Anthrax and brucellosis, and weak prevention and response in humans, mostly associated with poor disease knowledge of healthcare providers. Ability to respond to animal outbreaks was limited by vaccine and drugs availability, timely vaccine administration and the mobility of pastoralists.

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“…Risky behaviors associated with brucellosis are almost worldwide, especially in developing countries. For example, Tschopp et al, in a study reported that that all respondents from Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia drank raw milk and discarded animal afterbirths in the direct surroundings with minimal protection 24 . A study in Tajikistan reported that a majority of the respondents did not use any protection when handling livestock having an abortion or when dealing with aborted materials 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Tschopp et al, in a study reported that that all respondents from Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia drank raw milk and discarded animal afterbirths in the direct surroundings with minimal protection. 24 A study in Tajikistan reported that a majority of the respondents did not use any protection when handling livestock having an abortion or when dealing with aborted materials. 25 The results of a study in the west of Iran also show that the majority of participants used non‐pasteurized dairy products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk perception and preventive behaviors related to brucellosis among Iranian livestock farmers

Moslehi,

Jahangiry,

Narimani

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsBrucellosis is one of the zoonotic diseases that endanger the health of the population, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to assess risk perception and behaviors of livestock farmers on brucellosis based on PRECEDE model in a rural area in the northwest of Iran.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study conducted with 365 livestock farmers in rural areas of Germi, Iran. Participants were selected random sampling method. Data were gathered using a PRECEDE model based questionnaire consisted of five sections including demographic characteristics, predisposing factors (knowledge and attitudes), reinforcing factors, enabling factors, and brucellosis preventive behaviors.ResultsThe mean ± SD of age of participants was 47.1 ± 14.7 years. The state of knowledge about preventive behaviors and ways of disease transmission was evaluated as appropriate (with 87% and 81% of the maximum score, respectively). Three aspects of attitude in participants were desirable. Predisposing factors including knowledge of prevention ways, knowledge of transmission ways, and attitudes toward prevention, reinforcing factors, as well as education were significant predictors of brucellosis preventive behaviors. R2 and adjusted R2 were 0.312 and 0.310, respectively, according to which, about 31% of the changes in the brucellosis preventive behaviors explained by significant dependent variables.ConclusionsGiven that farmers are at particular high risk of exposing brucellosis, improving their knowledge and desirable attitudes of brucellosis is crucial to increasing control the disease.

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Risk factors for Brucellosis and knowledge-attitude practice among pastoralists in Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Population towards Brucellosis in Ethiopia: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Population towards Brucellosis in Ethiopia: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Knowledge-attitude and practice of Anthrax and brucellosis: Implications for zoonotic disease surveillance and control in pastoral communities of Afar and Somali region, Ethiopia

Risk perception and preventive behaviors related to brucellosis among Iranian livestock farmers

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