Risk factors for bronchiolitis obliterans: a systematic review of recent publications

Sharples, Linda D.; McNeil, Keith; Stewart, Susan; Wallwork, J.

doi:10.1016/s1053-2498(01)00360-6

Cited by 323 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, it is a major determinant of longterm outcome as it (especially severe, recurrent and/or late acute rejection) has been identified as being the most significant risk factor for subsequent development of BOS/ BO [20]. That said, the exact relationship between acute rejection and BOS remains unclear at present.…”

Section: The Diagnosis Of Acute Rejectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosuppressive therapy after human lung transplantation

Knoop¹,

Haverich²,

Fischer³

2004

European Respiratory Journal

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numbers of lung transplantation (LTx) were performed with or without induction therapy with antilymphocyte antibodies, monoclonal anti-CD3 antibody or anti-interleukin-2-receptor monoclonal antibodies. It remains to be established if induction therapy after LTx is beneficial or deleterious for long-term graft and patient survival.The vast majority of lung transplant recipients receive a triple-drug maintenance regimen including a calcineurin inhibitor, a cell-cycle inhibitor and steroids. Equal proportions receive cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (Tac). There is also a trend to prescribe mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) instead of azathioprine (Aza). Steroid withdrawal is uncommon even 5 yrs after transplantation.The superiority of Tac over CsA as a maintenance agent has not been established to date, and the administration of MMF instead of Aza in combination with CsA and steroids did not improve graft or patient survival in a recent international, prospective, randomised, controlled trial.Shift from cyclosporin A to tacrolimus has emerged as the first treatment step of refractory acute rejection followed by high-dose steroids or antilymphocyte agents, total lymphoid irradiation or photopheresis. The treatment of chronic rejection remains deceptive and includes varied strategies such as modification of the maintenance regimen, addition of inhaled immunosuppressants and/or total lymphoid irradiation and photopheresis. Eur Respir J 2004; 23: 159-171.

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Section: The Diagnosis Of Acute Rejectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosuppressive therapy after human lung transplantation

Knoop¹,

Haverich²,

Fischer³

2004

European Respiratory Journal

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“…1,2 The specific etiology and pathogenesis of BOS are largely unknown but risk factors such as acute rejection, viral infections and HLA mismatches have been associated with the development of BOS. 1,2 When BOS is diagnosed it generally does not respond to augmentation of immunosuppression. 3 It is possible that BOS may be prevented by higher levels of immunosuppression in patients at risk of chronic rejection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble CD30 Measured After Lung Transplantation Does Not Predict Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome in a Tacrolimus/Mycophenolate Mofetil–based Immunosuppressive Regimen

Erp

Otten

Paantjens

et al. 2008

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation

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“…Several studies have demonstrated a correlation between the presence of a variety of biomarkers and the development of OB (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Studies have shown that acute rejection is a risk factor for long-term graft dysfunction (3,11,12); however, others have failed to establish this correlation (13,14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%