Risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia

Jacobsen, Steven J.

doi:10.1007/s11934-007-0074-9

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…13 Blacks and possibly Hispanics appear to be at increased risk of clinical BPH and surgery, whereas Asians are at a decreased risk when compared with whites. 12,15,16 Recently, diet and exercise have been associated with the development of BPH. 12,15,16 Recently, diet and exercise have been associated with the development of BPH.…”

Section: Known Risk Factors For the Development Of Bphmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Exercise and the Risk of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Sea

Poon²,

McVary

2009

The Physician and Sportsmedicine

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It has been long appreciated that a healthy lifestyle plays a critical role in cardiovascular health. It is now apparent that the same is true in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Since 1995, 14 studies have been identified that investigate the clinical relationship between exercise and BPH/LUTS. No randomized controlled trials have been performed, but useful prospective cohort data originating from recent publications on the medical treatment of BPH and prevention of prostate cancer are available. Most of the literature supports a clinically significant, independent, and strong inverse relationship between exercise and the development of BPH/LUTS. Several mechanisms for this relationship have been proposed, including decreased sympathetic tone, avoidance of metabolic syndrome, and reduced oxidative damage to the prostate.

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Section: Known Risk Factors For the Development Of Bphmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,16,[50][51][52] Causal relationships have not yet been established for any of these. 12,16,[50][51][52] Causal relationships have not yet been established for any of these.…”

Section: Putati Ve Mechanisms For the Eff Ects Of Exercise On Bphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Exercise and the Risk of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Sea

Poon²,

McVary

2009

The Physician and Sportsmedicine

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“…However, the etiology of BPH is not well understood. Some studies suggested that potential risk factors for BPH include diabetes, obesity, physical activity, alcohol consumption, dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, diet, and the environment (Parsons et al ., ; Jacobsen, ; Parsons, ). One recent meta‐analysis also concluded that the metabolic syndrome (MetS) construct is specifically associated with a greater overall prostate volume increment (Gacci et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign prostatic enlargement is not associated with diabetes: a population-based study

et al. 2015

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The association between diabetes and benign prostatic hyperplasia remains inconclusive. In this case-control study, we examined the association of diabetes with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 in Taiwan. In total, 20 152 patients with BPE as cases and 20 152 age-matched patients without BPE were included as controls. Conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% CI for having been previously diagnosed with diabetes between cases and controls. We found that of the 40 304 sampled patients, 9492 (23.6%) had a history of diabetes before the index date. This mean age for the sampled patients was 65.9 with a standard deviation of 12.0 years. A Chi-squared test revealed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of prior diabetes between cases and controls (25.3% vs. 21.8%, p < 0.001). The conditional logistic regression found that the OR of prior diabetes for cases was 1.21 (95% CI = 1.15-1.27) compared with controls. However, after adjusting for geographic region, monthly income, urbanization level, hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), hyperlipidemia, tobacco use disorder, and obesity, the association between prior diabetes and BPE did not reach a statistically significant level (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.98-1.08). In addition, it was noteworthy that hypertension (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.20-1.31), CHD (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.32-1.48), and hyperlipidemia (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.24-1.36) were all significantly associated with BPE. We found that men with a diagnosis of diabetes were not significantly associated with BPE after adjusting for patient's sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities.

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“…As a part of the aging process in men, the increase in the size of the prostate and the development of BPH is thought to be mediated by the effects of steroid hormones, particularly DHT (Carson and Rittmaster 2003) and estrogen (Sciarra and Toscano 2000) on the proliferation of prostate cells. Although the influence of androgens and estrogens has been demonstrated, hormonal factors alone may not fully explain the age-dependent morphological changes of prostate and pathogenesis of BPH (Lagiou et al 1997;Djavan et al 2002;Meigs et al 2002;Lee and Peehl 2004;Campbell 2005;Jacobsen 2007;Fibbi et al 2010;Ho and Habib 2011;Nicholson and Ricke 2011). The etiology of BPH is believed to be multifactorial.…”

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confidence: 99%

Age-related histological and zinc content changes in adult nonhyperplastic prostate glands

Zaichick

2013

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To clarify age-related histological and Zn content changes in nonhyperplastic adult prostate glands, a quantitative morphometric and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyses were performed. The prostates were obtained from autopsies of 63 subjects aged 21-70 years who died mainly from trauma. It was found that histologically normal prostate tissue undergoes substantial changes throughout aging. These changes are reflected in an increase of the percent volume of the glandular lumen for the third to fifth decades, reaching a maximum for the decade 41-50 years. Over the same period, the percent volume of the stroma remains steady, but the percent volume of epithelium decreases, approximately, linearly with age. The percent volume of glandular lumen (reflects the volume of prostatic fluid) in the prostate gland of men aged 41 to 50 years is 1.5-fold higher than that in men aged 21 to 30 years, but the epithelium/lumen (prostatic fluid) ratio is approximately twofold lower. This suggests that accumulation of the prostatic fluid develops from 30 to 50 years of age. This accumulation of the prostatic fluid results in an increase of the Zn mass fraction in the prostate. In turn, when the intraprostatic Zn level exceeds a certain level by the end of the fifth decade, it begins to work as a trigger for different factors, all of which increase the proliferation of stromal cells. Deductions from these results allow possible partial explanations of both relevant prostatic aging mechanisms and the effects of dietary interventions using supplementary Zn.

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Risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Review of Exercise and the Risk of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Review of Exercise and the Risk of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Benign prostatic enlargement is not associated with diabetes: a population-based study

Age-related histological and zinc content changes in adult nonhyperplastic prostate glands

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