Risk Factors for Anemia in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw; Akalu, Tadesse Yirga; Aynalem, Yared Asmare

doi:10.4314/ejhs.v30i5.23

“…This result is supported by a pooled result conducted in 2020 that showed patients with Stage 5 chronic kidney diseases were 13 times more likely to develop anemia when compared with Stage 1 chronic kidney disease. 48 This can be explained by the depletion of erythropoietin which stimulates the erythropoiesis process as a result of kidney impairment by renal fibrosis. 49 Furthermore, erythropoietin proportionally decreases with a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among diabetic patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Atlaw

¹

,

Tariku

²

2021

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Background: In Ethiopia, diabetes is estimated to affect about half a million people. About 35% of individuals with diabetes are complicated by microvascular diseases like retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiovascular, and anemia. Even though there are some studies conducted on prevalence and associated factors of anemia in diabetic patients, their findings were variable. Therefore, this meta-analysis is aimed to determine the pooled prevalence and factors associated with anemia among diabetic patients. Methods: PubMed, CINAHL, POPLINE, ScienceDirect, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar were systematically searched to identify related studies. The heterogeneity of studies was assessed using Cochran’s Q test and I2 tests. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of anemia among diabetic patients in Ethiopia. Publication bias was evaluated by employing Egger’s tests. Results: After reviewing 503 articles, 6 articles fulfilled inclusion criteria and remained for the final meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia among diabetic patients was 24.81% (95% confidence interval: 19.38–30.25). Age greater than 60 years old (pooled odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 3.73 (2.23–6.77)), glomerular filtration rate less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (pooled odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 12.65 (8.71–18.37)), and being diabetic for more than 10 years (pooled odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 10.21 (7.00–15.04)) were found to be determinants of anemia among diabetic patients in Ethiopia. Conclusion: Overall, one in four diabetic patients develops anemia in Ethiopia. Age, glomerular filtration rate, and duration of being diabetic are factors significantly associated with the occurrence of anemia in diabetic patients.

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“…CRF is mainly manifested as disturbance of water and electricity medium and acid-base balance, abnormal endocrine function, retention of metabolites, etc. ( 6 ). The inevitable and reversible pathogenesis of CRF will eventually progress into uremia in the later stage, with dismal prognosis, which requires kidney transplantation or renal replacement therapy for life support, resulting in high expenditure and multiple complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shenkang injection combined with alprostadil for chronic renal failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Xie

¹

,

Zhang

²

,

Zhang

³

et al. 2023

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ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Shenkang injection (SKI) combined with alprostadil in the treatment of chronic renal failure (CRF).MethodRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Shenkang injection combined with alprostadil in CRF treatment were investigated by retrieving a total of 7 databases including CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, with the search time ranging from 2012 to now. Revman 5.2 software was used for data analysis, and Cochrane bias risk tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature. The final results were represented by relative risk (RR), mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsA total of 20 RCTs and 1,573 patients were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that the overall response rate (ORR) of the treatment group was superior to the control group [RR = 0.20, 95% CI (0.16, 0.25), P < 0.00001]. Compared with the control group, the treatment group achieved favorable improvement in terms of the creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) [MD = 9.48, 95% CI (8.73, 10.24), P < 0.00001], serum creatinine (Scr) [MD = −55.12, 95% CI (−63.42, −46.82), P < 0.00001], quantitative urine protein (Upro) [MD = −0.48, 95% CI (−0.53, −0.43), P < 0.00001], and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) [MD=-3.73, 95% CI (−4.08, −3.3) 7, P < 0.00001]. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in each group.ConclusionCurrently, Shenkang injection combined with alprostadil has been widely used in clinical treatment of CRF due to the certain effect superior to other methods. However, its specific efficacy and safety need to be further verified through numerous large-scale clinical trials.

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“…Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a clinical syndrome that causes chronic and substantial damage to the kidneys caused by primary glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, hypertension, and renal arteriosclerosis, which in turn leads to a decline in renal function [ 1 ]. The prevention and treatment of CRF have become an important public health problem faced by countries all over the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Intestinal Flora and Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Lv

¹

,

Ren

²

,

Ren

³

2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. To explore the changes of intestinal flora and lymphocyte subsets in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Methods. 60 CRF patients who were treated from June 2018 to June 2019 were selected; 60 healthy persons were selected as the control group. 16S rDNA was used to detect the expression of Lactobacillus, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Bifidobacterium in the feces of the two groups. Illumina Miseq sequencing (Solexa sequencing technology) method was used to analyze the structural differences and species diversity of intestinal flora, including species richness index (Chao) and diversity index (Shannon, Simpson). Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of lymphocytes and their subgroups of the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between Chao and lymphocyte subsets. Results. The number of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus in CRF group were higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ), while the Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Bifidobacterium were opposite ( P < 0.05 ). The Simpson index of the CRF group was lower than that of the control group, while the Chao index and Shannon index were opposite ( P < 0.05 ). The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ in the CRF group were lower than those in the control group, while the levels of CD14+, CD19+, and CD16+/CD56+ were opposite ( P < 0.05 ). The intestinal flora Chao index of CRF group was negatively correlated with the levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ (r = −0.692, P = 0.019 ; r = −0.669, P = 0.021 ; r = −0.603, P = 0.028 ). The intestinal flora Chao of CRF group is positively correlated with the level of CD14+ and CD16+/CD56+ (r = 0.615, P = 0.026 ; r = 0.758, P = 0.016 ). Conclusion. There are intestinal flora disorder and the imbalance of immune function in CRF patients, which are mainly manifested in the change of intestinal flora structure, the increase of richness and diversity of intestinal flora, and the decrease of lymphocyte subgroups. There is correlation between the imbalance of intestinal colony and the imbalance of immune function.

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Risk Factors for Anemia in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 21 publications

References 54 publications

Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among diabetic patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among diabetic patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Shenkang injection combined with alprostadil for chronic renal failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Changes of Intestinal Flora and Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

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