“…Firstly, they should occur early enough to prevent initial difficulties from developing into adolescent delinquency, mental health problems, or adult criminality (Rutter, 1990(Rutter, , 1991Loeber, 1990Loeber, , 1991Sutton, 1992;Ford and Lerner, 1992;Farrington, 1992;. Secondly, they should encompass both home and school environmentsÐthe two major influences on a child's life (Atherton, 1991;Wolfendale, 1989Wolfendale, , 1992Graham and Bowling, 1995;Fortin and Bigras, 1997). Research in both the UK and America is beginning to question the long-term effectiveness of schemes that focus only on the home or the school environment (Young and Halsey, 1995;Graham and Bowling, 1995;Dryfoos, 1990;Lerner, 1992;CPPRG, 1992).…”