Risk factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension: findings from the baseline CARMEN survey in Cienfuegos, Cuba

Ordúñez, Pedro; Barceló, Alberto; Bernal, José Luís; Espinosa, Alfredo; Silva, Luís C.; Cooper, Richard S.

doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e3282f4309f

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…While pharmacological treatment of CHD and CHD risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia is essential in confronting this epidemic, Cuba has already achieved much success in this area. In a 2008 study conducted in Cienfuegos, 40% of the participants with hypertension were at or below goal blood pressure of 140/80 mmHg, which was greater than national rates in the United States (34%) [42, 43]. Yet despite achieving rates of hypertension control greater than that of developed countries, Cuba has to confront to challenge of modifying the lifestyle of its population in order to provide more comprehensive cardiovascular prevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Disease in Cubans and Cuban Americans

Peña

Patel

Leyva

et al. 2012

Cardiology Research and Practice

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in Cuba. Lifestyle risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) in Cubans have not been compared to risk factors in Cuban Americans. Articles spanning the last 20 years were reviewed. The data on Cuban Americans are largely based on the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES), 1982–1984, while more recent data on epidemiological trends in Cuba are available. The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus remains greater in Cuban Americans than in Cubans. However, dietary preferences, low physical activity, and tobacco use are contributing to the rising rates of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and CHD in Cuba, putting Cubans at increased cardiovascular risk. Comprehensive national strategies for cardiovascular prevention that address these modifiable lifestyle risk factors are necessary to address the increasing threat to public health in Cuba.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Disease in Cubans and Cuban Americans

Peña

Patel

Leyva

et al. 2012

Cardiology Research and Practice

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“…Easy access to medical specialists, multidisciplinary care and administrative interventions are also important to improve the control of the disease 16,21,36,37,39,40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wolf-Maier 10 In Cienfuegos, Cuba, a cross-sectional study 21 was conducted in 2001-2002 with a sample of 1,475 men and women, aged between 25 and 74. The study is part of the CARMEN project, from the Pan American Health Organization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are different causes for insufficient control, including the fact that a significant share of people that have the disease are unaware of such disease 7,9,[13][14][15]21 , as well as the lack of adherence to treatment 24 and the improper management of the treatment by health professionals [25][26][27] . Wang and Vasan 27 , in a review article, mention obesity, sedentary lifestyle and old age as causes related to the patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inércia clínica e controle da hipertensão arterial nas unidades de atenção primária à saúde

Hoepfner¹,

Franco²

2010

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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“…29 This is in view of the additional findings of tendency of more participants in the exercise group (56.7%) than in the control group (35.5%) attained adequate BP control (<140/90mmHg) post-12-week interventions. Previous studies had reported BP control rates ranging from 28.9% to 48.7% in studies on drug therapy alone 9,31,32 with a median of 30.5%. 31 Blood-pressure monitoring during the intervention showed that the greatest reduction in BP in the two groups occurred in the first six weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aerobic exercise and drug therapy on blood pressure and antihypertensive drugs: a randomized controlled trial

Akinpelu²,

Bl³

2013

Af Hlth Sci

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Background: Although aerobic exercise has been shown to lower blood pressure (BP) in human beings, its additive BPreducing effect on antihypertensive drug therapy seems to have been investigated in only laboratory animals. Objectives: This study investigated the effects of aerobic dance combined with antihypertensive drugs on BP and number of antihypertensive drugs in individuals with hypertension.Methods: This open label randomised-controlled trial involved new-diagnosed male and female individuals with mild-tomoderate essential hypertension after at least four weeks of treatment. They were randomly assigned to drug therapy (Normoretic: Hydrochlorothiazide + amiloride hydrochloride, and Amlodipine) (control: n=33) and aerobic dance combined with drug therapy (exercise: n=30) groups. Intervention in each group lasted 12 weeks. BP was measured at baseline and during and pos-intervention. Number of antihypertensive drugs was recorded post-intervention. Results: There were significant reductions in SBP at some periods of the intervention in the exercise group (p=0.000 to 0.002) and control group (p=0.001 to 0.002), and significant difference in DBP at some periods of the intervention in exercise group (p=0.000 to 0.003) and control group (p=0.000 to 0.001). SBP (p=0.066) and DBP (p=0.100) did not differ between the two groups post-12-week intervention. The BP control rates were similar between the exercises (56.7%) and control (35.5%) groups (p=0.075). Similarly, between-group difference in the number of drugs was not significant (p=0.511). Conclusion: This preliminary report demonstrates the tendency of aerobic dance to enhance BP control in individuals on two antihypertensive drugs without BP control.

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Risk factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension: findings from the baseline CARMEN survey in Cienfuegos, Cuba

Abstract: These findings largely confirm the pattern observed in industrialized countries and demonstrate the near-universal challenge confronting primary-care systems in physician-based control of cardiovascular risk factors.

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Disease in Cubans and Cuban Americans

Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Disease in Cubans and Cuban Americans

Inércia clínica e controle da hipertensão arterial nas unidades de atenção primária à saúde

Effects of aerobic exercise and drug therapy on blood pressure and antihypertensive drugs: a randomized controlled trial

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