Risk factors associated with the occurrence of frontoethmoidal encephalomeningocele

Suphapeetiporn, Kanya; Mahatumarat, Charan; Rojvachiranonda, Nond; Taecholarn, Chopiew; Siriwan, Pichit; Srivuthana, Sumarlee; Shotelersuk, Vorasuk

doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2007.07.005

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…8,33,36 Familial cases are very rare among previously published series 1,31,33,38,40 and in our own experience. From our own series of cases, we have demonstrated that the date of conception, with predominance for the wet season, may play a role.…”

Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 89%

“…11,31,32,40,41 However, these findings could be biased by the fact that boys are more likely to be referred for treatment than girls and by the social structure of Southeast Asian countries (overwhelmingly rural). Nevertheless, like our study, many large studies do suggest that this disease is linked to poverty, 36,40 which could also explain the very low prevalence of fMECs in more developed Western countries.…”

Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Genetic predisposition, higher paternal age, parental consanguinity, vitamin B deficiency (due to malnutrition), drugs, and chemicals used in Cambodia during the wars in the 1970s have all been suggested by various authors in the etiology of fMEC 5,8,36,39 but refuted by others. 40 A slight preponderance in males and preferential occurrence of the disease in poor, rural people have often been observed, as in this series.…”

Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele: appraisal of 200 operated cases

Oucheng

Lauwers

Gollogly

et al. 2010

PED

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Object Frontoethmoidal mengingoencephaloceles (fMECs) are frequently observed in Cambodia, especially in poor families. The authors describe issues related to the surgical treatment of fMECs in Cambodia at the end of a humanitarian program that provided surgery free of charge to patients and their families. Methods The authors reviewed 257 cases of fMEC involving patients who presented to their institution, the Children's Surgical Center in Phnom Penh, between 2004 and 2009. They treated 200 of these patients surgically (108 males, 92 females; 89% younger than 18 years) using a “low-cost” management plan with no routine pre- or postoperative investigations. Initially, surgery was performed by visiting foreign surgeons who taught the procedures to resident surgeons. Patients were not charged for consultations or treatment and received at least 1 follow-up examination 6 months postoperatively. Results The nasoethmoidal type was the most frequent fMEC encountered (69%). Many patients had associated ophthalmological issues (46% of cases). Only 1 familial case was detected. Combined neurosurgical and facial procedures were successfully standardized and learned by surgeons initially unfamiliar with fMEC management. A neurosurgical approach avoided the need for a facial incision in 42 cases, improving cosmetic results. The most common postoperative issues were a temporary CSF leak (24 cases [12%]) and/or infection (28 cases [14%]). There were 3 deaths directly related to the operations. Cosmetic results were good in 145 cases, average in 27, poor in 7, and worse than preoperative appearance in 6 patients. Fifteen patients were lost to follow-up. The parents of 87% of the children were rice farmers. Questionnaire results confirmed that fMEC has important social and educational consequences for the affected children and that these consequences can be partially improved by fMEC correction. Conclusions This experience in fMEC management demonstrates that local surgeons can treat these malformations with limited surgical materials and in a nonspecialized infrastructure after principles of treatment have been learned and if they are carefully respected. Surgery for fMEC can thus be more accessible to a larger number of patients in developing countries. Moreover, local treatment facilitates better postoperative and follow-up care.

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Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Geographical Distribution and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele: appraisal of 200 operated cases

Oucheng

Lauwers

Gollogly

et al. 2010

PED

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“…Various risk factors have been associated with cephaloceles; among them, maternal nutrition deficiencies, exposure to aflatoxins, paternal age, and long interpregnancy interval have been implicated to the occurrence of these congenital malformations. 3,4 Occipital cephaloceles are the most common, followed by parietal, anterior, temporal, and occipitocervical. 5,6 Similar in our study, 63% of patients had an occipital cephalocele.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Cephaloceles

Alexiou

Sfakianos

Prodromou

2010

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Cephaloceles are rare neural tube defects. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients with cephaloceles who underwent surgical treatment in our institute for a 14-year period, between January 1995 and January 2009. There were 27 children (11 boys and 16 girls; mean age, 7.5 mo; range, 1 d to 7 y). Seventeen encephaloceles were occipital; 5, parietal; 2, ethmoidal; 1, frontoethmoidal; 1, nasoethmoidal; and 1, sphenoethmoidal. The mean size of sac was 3 cm, although 2 cases of giant occipital encephaloceles were observed. In 19 cases (70%), the sac contained gliotic brain (encephaloceles) that was excised. All patients were operated on in 1 surgical procedure. Hydrocephalus was found in 16 patients and treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion. Postoperatively, there was no neurologic deficit or death. After a mean follow-up period of 7.2 years (range, 6 mo to 11.5 y), all patients were in good condition. In conclusion, occipital cephaloceles are more frequently encountered and are usually associated with hydrocephalus. Surgery should be performed as early as possible and only after careful preoperative planning especially for the anterior cephaloceles.

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“…Risk factors associated with FEEM include low socioeconomic status, advanced maternal age, and a long interpregnancy interval, most likely making this a multifactorial complex disease (Suphapeetiporn et al. ).…”

Section: Research “Opportunities To Study Tropical Genetic Diseases Imentioning

confidence: 99%