Risk factors associated with seropositivity to California serogroup viruses in humans and pet dogs, Quebec, Canada

Rocheleau, Jean-Philippe; Michel, Pascal; Lindsay, L. Robbin; Drebot, Michael A.; Dibernardo, Antonia; Ogden, Nicholas H.; Fortin, A; Arsenault, Julie

doi:10.1017/s0950268818001000

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…All caribou samples from the NT tested by using PRNT had neutralizing antibodies against JCV, which was expected because white-tailed deer have been suggested as reservoir hosts for JCV in the United States and Canada ( 46 , 47 ). In Quebec, areas with moderate densities of white-tailed deer were associated with greater risk for human JCV seropositivity ( 48 ). Although exposure to JCV was expected, 4 caribou from the NT also had antibodies against SSHV, suggesting serologic cross-reactivity or exposure to both viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread Exposure to Mosquitoborne California Serogroup Viruses in Caribou, Arctic Fox, Red Fox, and Polar Bears, Canada

Buhler¹,

Dibernardo²,

Pilfold³

et al. 2023

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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A nnual temperatures in the circumpolar Arctic are rising at 2-3 times the global average, reducing ecologic barriers for arthropod reproduction and fueling shifts in insect diversity and distribution (1,2). The northward advancement of the tree line and a 50%-60% increase in Arctic precipitation over the past 20 years provide a favorable environment for arthropod emergence (3,4). Consequently, arboviruses are a growing wildlife and public health concern in the Arctic. Limited information exists on the diversity of arboviruses in Arctic ecosystems, and few studies have identified hosts in sylvatic transmission cycles.California serogroup (CSG) viruses are antigenically and genetically related emerging vectorborne pathogens of the genus Orthobunyavirus that are found throughout North America and are associated with febrile illness and cases of neuroinvasive disease in humans (5). Pathogenic strains include La Crosse, Jamestown Canyon (JCV), California encephalitis, snowshoe hare (SSHV), Chatanga, and Inkoo viruses (6). Both JCV and SSHV have been identified as causes of arbovirus-associated neurologic diseases in North America (7). CSG viruses are transmitted through mosquitoes (Aedes, Culiseta, and Anopheles spp.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread Exposure to Mosquitoborne California Serogroup Viruses in Caribou, Arctic Fox, Red Fox, and Polar Bears, Canada

Buhler¹,

Dibernardo²,

Pilfold³

et al. 2023

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…However, infection of white-tailed deer with WNV, EEEV, LACV, and SLEV in Pennsylvania [ 80 ] and with WNV and SLEV in neighboring New Jersey has been reported [ 81 ]. White-tailed deer have also been shown to be amplifying hosts of CVV and JCV [ 82 , 83 ]. In areas with abundant populations of white-tailed deer, they are often targeted by mosquitoes [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal distribution, abundance, and host interactions of two invasive vectors of arboviruses, Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus, in Pennsylvania, USA

et al. 2022

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Background Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus, two invasive mosquito species in the United States, are implicated in the transmission of arboviruses. Studies have shown interactions of these two mosquito species with a variety of vertebrate hosts; however, regional differences exist and may influence their contribution to arbovirus transmission. Methods We investigated the distribution, abundance, host interactions, and West Nile virus infection prevalence of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus by examining Pennsylvania mosquito and arbovirus surveillance data for the period between 2010 and 2018. Mosquitoes were primarily collected using gravid traps and BG-Sentinel traps, and sources of blood meals were determined by analyzing mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences amplified in PCR assays. Results A total of 10,878,727 female mosquitoes representing 51 species were collected in Pennsylvania over the 9-year study period, with Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus representing 4.06% and 3.02% of all collected mosquitoes, respectively. Aedes albopictus was distributed in 39 counties and Ae. japonicus in all 67 counties, and the abundance of these species increased between 2010 and 2018. Models suggested an increase in the spatial extent of Ae. albopictus during the study period, while that of Ae. japonicus remained unchanged. We found a differential association between the abundance of the two mosquito species and environmental conditions, percent development, and median household income. Of 110 Ae. albopictus and 97 Ae. japonicus blood meals successfully identified to species level, 98% and 100% were derived from mammalian hosts, respectively. Among 12 mammalian species, domestic cats, humans, and white-tailed deer served as the most frequent hosts for the two mosquito species. A limited number of Ae. albopictus acquired blood meals from avian hosts solely or in mixed blood meals. West Nile virus was detected in 31 pools (n = 3582 total number of pools) of Ae. albopictus and 12 pools (n = 977 total pools) of Ae. japonicus. Conclusions Extensive distribution, high abundance, and frequent interactions with mammalian hosts suggest potential involvement of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus in the transmission of human arboviruses including Cache Valley, Jamestown Canyon, La Crosse, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika should any of these viruses become prevalent in Pennsylvania. Limited interaction with avian hosts suggests that Ae. albopictus might occasionally be involved in transmission of arboviruses such as West Nile in the region. Graphical Abstract

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“…In fact, JCV and SSHV are two emerging human pathogens associated with cases of neuroinvasive disease in North America. In humans, densities of white-tailed deer (vertebrate amplifying host for JCV and SSHV) and mosquito biting rates are positively associated with higher odds of sero-positivity of JCV and SSHV (Rocheleau, et al, 2018). In warmer temperatures in the Arctic regions may result in; 1) Decreasing winter mortality due to a decrease in the number of winter days with extremely low temperatures, 2) earlier hatching of mosquitoes and an increase in their activity period in the summer, 3) enhance the survival of immature mosquitoes in bio lms and enhance the development of larger and more fecund adults, 4) making oviposition faster by decreasing egg retention in female mosquitoes, 5) reducing their exposure to aquatic predators due to shorter development time required for immature mosquitoes, 6) some vector species (Ae.…”

Section: Emerging Threats and Mitigation Scopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Planetary Health Perspectives of Mosquito-borne Infections in Canada: A Rapid Scoping Review

Hollett,

Chapman,

Sarkar

2024

Preprint

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Over the past couple of decades, mosquito-borne diseases have increased in Canada. ‘Planetary Health’ is a novel concept that encompasses the impacts of the triple planetary health crisis of climate change, nature and biodiversity loss, and pollution and waste. This study aimed to conduct a rapid scoping review on planetary health with regard to mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases in Canada, in order to understand the complex relations. This synthesis will identify knowledge gaps, emerging threats, mitigation scopes and it will inform future research scopes. An online query of EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science was performed and a total of 2,086 citations were retrieved. Finally, 62 articles were then reviewed and synthesized. Temperature and precipitation are playing significant roles in mosquito abundance, extension of temporal distribution and the spread from historical distributions of invasive species to newer geographic locations. In fact, the temperature has been rising so high that some species are now predominantly producing eggs without having taken a blood meal (autogeny). Warmer temperatures increased vector viral loads by several folds, thereby, climate change is effectively making infection rates higher and extending the transmission season. Destruction of the natural environment due to anthropogenic activities depopulates native predators resulting in the flourishing of mosquito populations. Pesticides used to control mosquitoes often failed to gain desired results due to operational and technological limitations and unintended ecological consequences. Planetary Health perspective can provide comprehensive analysis of mosquitoes’ presence and abundance, establishment and expansion of invasive mosquito species and disease carrying capacity for both the native and invasive species. Thus, Canada is at risk of outbreak of several exotic mosquito-borne infections. For public health measures and research, planetary health perspectives are required to better understand the complex and multifaceted connections between infections, ecosystem, climate change and anthropogenic activities.

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Risk factors associated with seropositivity to California serogroup viruses in humans and pet dogs, Quebec, Canada

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Widespread Exposure to Mosquitoborne California Serogroup Viruses in Caribou, Arctic Fox, Red Fox, and Polar Bears, Canada

Widespread Exposure to Mosquitoborne California Serogroup Viruses in Caribou, Arctic Fox, Red Fox, and Polar Bears, Canada

Spatiotemporal distribution, abundance, and host interactions of two invasive vectors of arboviruses, Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus, in Pennsylvania, USA

Exploring Planetary Health Perspectives of Mosquito-borne Infections in Canada: A Rapid Scoping Review

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