Risk factors associated with gingivitis in children – Literature review

Abstract

Introduction: The ailments that affect the gums are called gingivitis, this disease is considered the second oral variation, it begins approximately at 5 years of age, that is, early childhood, that is why the objective of this investigation is to know factors associated with gingivitis in children, examining studies related to our terms of inclusion. Methods: A review of written publications was carried out, searching for the terms of gingivitis, diagnosis, treatment, etiology, focusing on bibliographic reviews dating from recent years. Results: The most important local predisposition in children is inadequate oral hygiene that leads to the accumulation of bacterial plaque, but there are other factors that can affect the intensity and severity of periodontitis in these patients. B. Immunological, microbiological and clinical characteristics. Conclusions: Among the predisposing factors that pediatric patients present in relation to gingivitis, we find the accumulation of bacterial plaque, microbiological, morphological and immunological characteristics, the correct diagnosis of this pathology allows successful periodontal therapy, such as non-surgical periodontal treatment since with this a decrease in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokine is achieved.