Risk Factors and Neuropsychological Recovery in Clients With Alcohol Use Disorders Who Were Exposed to Different Treatments.

Bates, Marsha E.; Barry, Danielle; Labouvie, Erich W.; Fals‐Stewart, William; Voelbel, Gerald T.; Buckman, Jennifer F.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.72.6.1073

Cited by 31 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Further, studies with larger samples have shown that familial alcoholism, antisocial personality, and physical well-being, all perhaps phenotypes for a more basic genetic trait, as well as age and education, can all predict level of neuropsychological deficits (Grant et al, 1984;Tarter and Edwards, 1986;Parsons, 1987b;Bates et al, 2002;Bates et al, 2005). Our study, however, does not have the power (cf, Bates et al, 2004) to determine whether such variables contributed to the Relapsers' initial superior performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Improvement in memory and static balance with abstinence in alcoholic men and women: Selective relations with change in brain structure

Rosenbloom

Rohlfing

O'Reilly

et al. 2007

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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We investigated whether changes in memory or static balance in chronic alcoholics, occurring with abstinence or relapse, are associated with changes in lateral and fourth ventricular volume. Alcoholics meeting DSM-IV criteria for Alcohol Dependence (n = 15) and non-alcoholic controls (n = 26) were examined twice at a mean interval of two years with standard Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI), Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) tests, an ataxia battery, and structural MRI. At study entry, alcoholics had been abstinent on average for over 4 months and achieved lower scores than controls on WASI General IQ Index, WMS-R General Memory Index, and the ataxia battery. The ten alcoholics who maintained sobriety at retest did not differ at study entry in socio-demographic measures, alcohol use, or WASI and WMS-R summary scores from the five relapsers. At follow-up, abstainers improved more than controls on the WMS-R General Memory Index. Ataxia tended to improve in abstainers relative to controls. Associations were observed between memory and lateral ventricular volume change and between ataxia and fourth ventricular volume change in alcoholics but not in the controls. Both memory and ataxia can improve with sustained sobriety, and brain-behavior associations suggest selective brain structural substrates for the changes observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Improvement in memory and static balance with abstinence in alcoholic men and women: Selective relations with change in brain structure

Rosenbloom

Rohlfing

O'Reilly

et al. 2007

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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“…Deficits in EFs are proposed as important mediators in drug bingeing [15], and several studies suggest that impairments in EFs have a negative impact on treatment success and relapse in substance dependence [100][101][102][103]. The EF deficits as found in PG as well as AD in this study may therefore foster the continuation of these disorders, limit the impact of psychosocial treatment and promote relapse after discontinuation of PG or AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls

et al. 2006

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Aims Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling have relevance for the aetiology and treatment of this disorder, yet are poorly understood. This study therefore investigated neurocognitive impairments of executive functions in a group of carefully screened Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version IV (DSM-IV-TR) pathological gamblers. Performance was compared to a group of normal control participants. To study the specificity of these neurocognitive deficits, a substance dependence group (alcohol dependence) and an impulse control disorder group (Tourette syndrome) were included. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Addiction and general mental health treatment centres. Participants Forty-nine pathological gamblers, 48 abstinent alcohol-dependent patients, 46 participants with Tourette syndrome and 49 normal control participants. Measurements A comprehensive neuropsychological battery measuring executive functions as well as basic cognitive functions. Findings Both the pathological gambling and the alcohol dependent groups were characterized by diminished performance on inhibition, time estimation, cognitive flexibility and planning tasks. The Tourette syndrome group showed deficits only on inhibition tasks. Basic cognitive functions were intact in all clinical groups. Comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, antisocial personality disorder and nicotine dependence influenced the impaired functions of the clinical groups only minimally. Conclusions Carefully screened groups of pathological gamblers and alcohol dependents were characterized by diminished executive functioning, suggesting a dysfunction of frontal lobe circuitry in these disorders. The resemblance between the pathological gambling group and the alcohol dependence group suggests a common neurocognitive aetiology for these disorders. Psychosocial treatment of these disorders could benefit from assessing and targeting deficits in executive functions, as they probably influence the course of these disorders negatively.

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“…Living close to a gambling establishment in combination with being disinhibited could lead to a diminished ability to inhibit the urge to enter a gambling establishment. Studies on relapse in patients with substance use disorders indeed indicate that neurocognitive abilities interact with intrapersonal and environmental factors in the prediction of relapse (Tapert et al 1999 ;Latimer et al 2000 ;Bauer, 2001 ;Bates et al 2004). Therefore, it is likely that interactions between neurocognitive deficits and factors such as coping skills, gambling behavior of relatives and friends, and proximity to gambling opportunities influence relapse in PG in a similar way.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of self-reported impulsivity and reward sensitivity versus neurocognitive measures of disinhibition and decision-making in the prediction of relapse in pathological gamblers

et al. 2007

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Background. Disinhibition and decision-making skills play an important role in theories on the cause and outcome of addictive behaviors such as substance use disorders and pathological gambling. In recent studies, both disinhibition and disadvantageous decision-making strategies, as measured by neurocognitive tests, have been found to influence the course of substance use disorders. Research on factors affecting relapse in pathological gambling is scarce.Method. This study investigated the effect of both self-reported impulsivity and reward sensitivity, and neurocognitively assessed disinhibition and decision-making under conflicting contingencies, on relapse in a group of 46 pathological gamblers.Results. Logistic regression analysis indicated that longer duration of the disorder and neurocognitive indicators of disinhibition (Stop Signal Reaction Time) and decision-making (Card Playing Task) were significant predictors of relapse (explaining 53 % of the variance in relapse), whereas self-reported impulsivity and reward sensitivity did not significantly predict relapse. Overall classification accuracy was 76 %, with a positive classification accuracy of 76 % and a negative classification accuracy of 75 %.Conclusions. Duration of the disorder and neurocognitive measures of disinhibition and decision-making are powerful predictors of relapse in pathological gambling. The results suggest that endophenotypical neurocognitive characteristics are more promising in the prediction of relapse in pathological gambling than phenotypical personality characteristics. Neurocognitive predictors may be useful to guide treatment planning of follow-up contacts and booster sessions.

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Risk Factors and Neuropsychological Recovery in Clients With Alcohol Use Disorders Who Were Exposed to Different Treatments.

Cited by 31 publications

References 34 publications

Improvement in memory and static balance with abstinence in alcoholic men and women: Selective relations with change in brain structure

Improvement in memory and static balance with abstinence in alcoholic men and women: Selective relations with change in brain structure

Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls

The role of self-reported impulsivity and reward sensitivity versus neurocognitive measures of disinhibition and decision-making in the prediction of relapse in pathological gamblers

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