Risk Factors and Musculoskeletal Injuries Associated with All-Terrain Vehicle Accidents

Balthrop, Paul M.; Nyland, John; Roberts, Craig S.

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.05.013

Cited by 30 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Similar to previous results [8,9,11,26], rollovers were the most common crash mechanism. In these studies, we found that backward rollovers were 2.5 times more likely to involve a vehicle with passengers, as compared to those in rollovers in other directions.…”

Section: Rolloverssupporting

confidence: 91%

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The Effect of Passengers on All-Terrain Vehicle Crash Mechanisms and Injuries

Jennissen

Harland

Wetjen

et al. 2016

Safety

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Traditional all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are designed for single riders. Although carrying passengers is a known risk factor for injury, how passengers contribute to ATV crashes remains poorly understood. To address this question, we performed a retrospective chart review of ATV crash victims at a U.S. trauma center (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013). Of 537 cases, 20% were passengers or drivers with passengers. The odds of backward rollovers, falls/ejections, crashes on sloped terrain, and collisions with motorized vehicles were all significantly greater when passengers were present. In contrast, the odds of self-ejection or falls/ejections over the handlebars were significantly lower than falls/ejections to the side or rear, in crashes with multiple riders. Among all ejections, self-ejections had the lowest head and highest extremity injury scores and being ejected over the handlebars or to the rear resulted in worse head injury scores than being ejected to the side. In summary, our study found that passengers increased the odds of specific crash and injury mechanisms and that head and extremity injury severity varied by ejection type. Safety interventions including seat design changes that prevent carrying passengers, and a strict, well-enforced no-rider rule are needed to effectively prevent passenger-related deaths and injuries.

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Section: Rolloverssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…ATV laws vary significantly from state to state in the U.S., and many people may not know their state's laws [26,32]. This is likely to be true in other countries as well.…”

Section: Enforcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Passengers on All-Terrain Vehicle Crash Mechanisms and Injuries

Jennissen

Harland

Wetjen

et al. 2016

Safety

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“…US studies, however, show that the severity of ATV-related injuries has not increased between 1989 and 2002 (Axelband et al, 2007) and a more recent study which reviewed ATV injuries over a period of 21 years showed a 50% decrease in head and spine injuries related to ATVs (Bansal et al, 2008). Despite these findings, the literature is inconclusive about the greater risk to those who received an injury to the head, spine and chest than in other body parts and internal organs (Balthrop et al, 2009;Brandenburg et al, 2007;Gittelman et al, 2006;Hall et al, 2009;Rodgers and Prowpit, 2001;Yonca, 2005).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 97%

Risk and preventive factors for fatalities in All-terrain Vehicle Accidents in New Zealand

Shulruf

Balemi

2010

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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“…This is significant in that orthopedic and crush injuries from rollovers on to smaller children are thought to contribute significantly to morbidity. 35,36,41 Vehicles with larger engines that are designed for adults have been consistently shown to increase the risk for fatalities and injuries in children. 42,43 After the implementation of the engine size restriction in Massachusetts, the rate of ED visits fell by 39% from 52 to 32 per 100 000 persons in the 14-to 17-year-old age group.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Age Legislation and Off-Road Vehicle Injuries in Children

Flaherty

Raybould²,

Kelleher

et al. 2017

Pediatrics

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:In 2010, the Massachusetts Legislature passed a comprehensive law that restricted off-road vehicle (ORV) use by children <14 years old and regulated ORV use by children up to the age of 18 years. We aimed to examine the impact of the 2010 Massachusetts law on the rates of ORV-related injuries. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed of Massachusetts emergency department (ED) and inpatient discharges between 2002 and 2013 as found in the Center for Health Information and Analysis database by using external causes of injury codes specific to ORV-related injuries. Yearly population-based rates were compared before and after the implementation of the law (2002-2010 vs 2011-2013) by using Poisson regression analysis and segmented regression.RESULTS: There were 3638 ED discharges and 481 inpatient discharges for ORV-related injuries in children across the 12-year study period. After the implementation of the law, the rate of ED discharges declined by 33% in 0-to 9-year-olds, 50% in 10-to 13-year-olds, and 39% in 14 to 17-year-olds (P < .0001). There was no significant decline in ED discharges for 25-to 34-year-olds. Inpatient hospital discharges were also reduced by 41% in 0-to 17-year-olds after implementation (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS:As compared with adults (ages 25-34 years), the population-based ORV-related injury rate of residents <18 years old significantly declined after the passage of legislation that imposed age restrictions and other safeguards for youth riders.abstract

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Risk Factors and Musculoskeletal Injuries Associated with All-Terrain Vehicle Accidents

Cited by 30 publications

References 40 publications

The Effect of Passengers on All-Terrain Vehicle Crash Mechanisms and Injuries

The Effect of Passengers on All-Terrain Vehicle Crash Mechanisms and Injuries

Risk and preventive factors for fatalities in All-terrain Vehicle Accidents in New Zealand

Age Legislation and Off-Road Vehicle Injuries in Children

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