Risk Factors and Microbial Distribution of Urinary Tract Infections Following Radical Cystectomy

Impact of Smoking Habit on Perioperative Morbidity in Patients Treated with Radical Cystectomy for Urothelial Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…In detail, eight studies reported smoking status as a dichotomous variable considering current and former smokers versus never smokers [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], two studies distinguished patients between current smokers and former and never smokers [32,33], while 11 studies categorized patients as current smokers and former smokers within 1 yr from the date of surgery versus former smokers for >1 yr and never smokers [14,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Only one study by Schmid et al [44] reported smoking status considering current smokers separately from nonsmokers and ex-smokers.…”

“…Eight studies evaluated the impact of smoking on development of postoperative infections after RC [26,28,30,33,[38][39][40]42]. In detail, three [30,38,40] studies assessed the relationship between smoking and overall infection rate, while the other studies explored the effect of smoking on the onset of only SSIs (n = 3) [26,28,39], urinary tract infections (UTIs; n = 1) [33], and pneumonia (n = 1) [42]. Pariser et al [30] reported a significant association between smoking exposure (current and former smokers) and development of postoperative infections (OR: 1.84; p = 0.04), after adjusting for several clinical and operative features.…”

“…In a US national database of nearly 4000 patients, current smokers compared with former or never smokers have been associated with a significantly increased risk of pneumonia after RC [42]. Conversely, in a retrospective Mayo Clinic series, current smokers were not significantly associated with the development of UTIs after RC [33]. AKI = acute kidney injury; CCD = continent cutaneous diversion; CCP = continent cutaneous pouch; IC = ileal conduit; IP = Indiana Pouch; LRC = laparoscopic radical cystectomy; NR = not reported; NS = not specified; ONB = orthotopic neobladder; ORC = open radical cystectomy; RRC = robotic radical cystectomy; SSI = surgical site infection; UCS = ureterocutaneostomia; UTI = urinary tract infection.…”

Impact of a change in duration of prophylactic antibiotics on infectious complications after radical cystectomy with a neobladder

“…However, infectious complications are among the major concerns after RC with an IONB. [6,7] Infectious complications are more frequent after IONB surgery than other urinary diversions for several reasons. First, an IONB is reconstructed using the ileum, which has higher levels of bacteria and mucus compared to the urinary bladder.…”

Value of evaluating procalcitonin kinetics in diagnosis of infections in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical cystectomy

“…[ 11 , 12 ] Up to 20% to 40% of patients following RC have been reported with postoperative infections, including urinary tract infections (UTIs), surgical site infections (SSIs), and sepsis; SIRS can also occur as a consequence of infectious complications. [ 13 – 16 ] However, the signs of SIRS are nonspecific and can often be seen in several (none septic) critically ill conditions, [ 17 , 18 ] tachycardia, fever on their own has low specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing bacteria infections. [ 19 ] In many cases, currently used inflammatory markers of systemic inflammation, for example, white blood cell (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP), which are routinely used as surrogate markers for infection are of limited use to distinguish between the causes of SIRS.…”