Risk factors and complications of lower limb cellulitis in Africa: a systematic review

Tianyi, Frank-Leonel; Mbanga, Clarence; Danwang, Célestin; Agbor, Valirie Ndip

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021175

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, in 2015, cellulitis accounted for 1447 disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in Cameroon and affected mostly men and members in the lower class of society [9, 10]. It is also associated with a prolonged hospital stay, with resultant reduction in income and economic productivity, and consequent worsening of the vicious cycle of poverty [9–11]. The burden of cellulitis has been envisaged to increase in subsequent years in Africa due to the presence of factors such as increasing prevalence of obesity and voluntary depigmentation of the skin [11].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of cellulitis and the role of the nurse: a 5-year retrospective multicentre study in Fako, Cameroon

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective This was a 5 year retrospective study of patients’ hospital records to find out how patients with cellulitis are managed and the care provided by nurses to these patients in some hospitals in Fako, Cameroon. Results Of the 236 cases of cellulitis identified from a study of hospital records, 202 were included in the study. Most of the participants (55%) were female and the mean (SD) age was 43 (1.1) years. Cellulitis accounted for 2.3% of admissions in this study. The predisposing factors identified were; the presence of trauma (60.5%), HIV infection (18.6%), alcohol consumption (8.4%) and tobacco use (4.8%). Commonly recorded complications were necrosis (32.2%), sepsis (23%), abscess formation (19.5%), and ulcer development (19.5%). Medical management was with antibiotic therapy, including mostly penicillin (26.5%), aminoglycoside (22.1%), nitroimidazole (20.2%) and cephalosporin (19.6%). Debridement (46.7%), and incision and drainage (44.4%) were the most implemented surgical interventions. Nursing care, as found in patients’ hospital records were predominantly on medication administration (98.0%), vital signs assessment (90.5%) and patient assessment (53%). Cellulitis therefore was found among a substantial number of patients and management was predominantly with combination antibiotics therapy and inadequate nursing care. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-019-4497-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of cellulitis and the role of the nurse: a 5-year retrospective multicentre study in Fako, Cameroon

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This difference is probably because the obesity index of the population we serve is 9% [ 15 , 16 ], which differs from the 40% and 29% reported for the US [ 17 ] and England [ 18 ], which are developed countries. In contrast, Tianyi et al published a review of SSTIs in Africa and showed that the major risk factor for complicated SSTIs was obesity [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-necrotizing and necrotizing soft tissue infections in South America: A retrospective cohort study

Siqueira¹,

Olinda

Siqueira

et al. 2020

Annals of Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background This study analyzed and described factors related to necrotizing or non-necrotizing soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in a hospitalized patient population in Northeastern South America. Materials and methods This retrospective study included patients hospitalized with SSTIs between January 2011 and December 2016. The main factors related to necrotizing SSTIs (NSTIs) or non-necrotizing SSTIs were analyzed together or separately. Results Of 344 SSTI patients (161 [46.8%] non-necrotizing, 183 [53.2%] necrotizing), NSTI patients had a higher incidence of heart disease ( P = 0.0081) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD; p < 0.001), more antibiotic use, and longer hospital stay ( P < 0.001). NSTI was associated with a 9.58, 33.28, 2.34, and 2.27 times higher risk of PAD (confidence interval [CI] 3.69–24.87), amputation (7.97–139), complications (1.45–3.79), and death (1.2–4.26), respectively, than non-necrotizing SSTI. The risk factors associated with amputation were PAD ( P < 0.001) and poor glycemic control during hospitalization ( P = 0.0011). Factors associated with higher mortality were heart disease ( P < 0.001), smoking ( P = 0.0135), PAD ( P = 0.001), chronic renal failure ( P = 0.0039), poor glycemic control ( P = 0.0005), and evolution to limb irreversibility ( P < 0.001). Conclusion Patients with NSTI have greater illness severity, with a greater association with PAD and amputation. Patients with poor glycemic control more frequently underwent amputation and died.

show abstract

“…25,26 Cellulitis, which is often caused by gram positive bacteria, results in prolonged hospital stay and can have considerable morbidity and mortality if complications ensues. 27 The local complications are abscess and necrotizing fasciitis whereas the systemic complication is septic shock. 20,27 Often, primary cellulitis can result from trauma which could be recognizable or unrecognizable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 The local complications are abscess and necrotizing fasciitis whereas the systemic complication is septic shock. 20,27 Often, primary cellulitis can result from trauma which could be recognizable or unrecognizable. In Nassaji et al series, 38.2% of patients had history of trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of primary cellulitis and its local complications in lower limbs in diabetics and non-diabetics through the new Amit Jain’s staging system from India

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The objective of the study was to validate Amit Jain’s staging system for cellulitis in diabetic and non-diabetic lower limbs and to predict the outcomes associated with cellulitis and surgical procedures done in them.Methods: We conducted a prospective study in department of surgery at Raja Rajeswari Medical College and Hospital Bengaluru, India. The study period was from December 2018 to November 2019. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22 and R environment ver.3.2.2.Results: A total of 36 patients were included in this study of which 21 were diabetics and were in placed in group A and 15 were non diabetics and placed in group B. 83.3% of the patients were males. 73.3% of non-diabetics had stage 1 cellulitis and 33.3% of diabetics had stage 1 and 2 each. 47.2% of patients underwent debridement and it was significantly common in diabetics (p=0.037) and also it was common in higher stages of cellulitis (p=0.001). 8.3% had amputation in this series. All the major amputations were done in stage 4 cellulitis (p=0.002).Conclusions: In this validation study, it can be seen that cellulitis is common in both diabetics and non-diabetics but it is severe in diabetic patients. Stage 3 was more common in diabetics compared to non-diabetics. Amit Jain’s staging system of cellulitis is a simple, easy, practical, focal classification that guides therapy and predicts amputation.

show abstract

Risk factors and complications of lower limb cellulitis in Africa: a systematic review

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

Management of cellulitis and the role of the nurse: a 5-year retrospective multicentre study in Fako, Cameroon

Management of cellulitis and the role of the nurse: a 5-year retrospective multicentre study in Fako, Cameroon

Non-necrotizing and necrotizing soft tissue infections in South America: A retrospective cohort study

A comparative study of primary cellulitis and its local complications in lower limbs in diabetics and non-diabetics through the new Amit Jain’s staging system from India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About