Risk factors and assessment strategies for the evaluation of human or environmental risk from metal(loid)s – A focus on Ireland

Nag, Rajat; O’Rourke, Sharon; Cummins, Enda

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149839

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Several different mechanisms, including biosorption, intracellular accumulation, precipitation, and redox reactions, have been discovered by researchers to affect the bioavailability of heavy metals in soils [ 91 ]. From soil to crop, the bioaccumulation of metal(loid)s differs according to soil-cropping methods [ 92 ]. According to several researchers, Pb in mining wastes has a reduced bioavailability.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Heavy Metal Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain Sb compounds are believed to be dangerous to human health—even cancerous [ 107 ]. The previous result showed that inorganic As in food causes 9129 to 119,176 extra bladder cancer cases annually, 11,844 to 121,442 additional lung cancer cases, and 10,729 to 110,015 additional skin cancer cases worldwide [ 92 ]. Excessive Zn may cause skin irritations, vomiting, and stomach cramps, whereas excessive Ni may result in lung and kidney cancer [ 135 ].…”

Section: Evaluation Of Heavy Metal Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research Progress on Heavy Metals Pollution in the Soil of Smelting Sites in China

Adnan

Xiao

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Contamination by heavy metals is a significant issue worldwide. In recent decades, soil heavy metals pollutants in China had adverse impacts on soil quality and threatened food security and human health. Anthropogenic inputs mainly generate heavy metal contamination in China. In this review, the approaches were used in these investigations, focusing on geochemical strategies and metal isotope methods, particularly useful for determining the pathway of mining and smelting derived pollution in the soil. Our findings indicate that heavy metal distribution substantially impacts topsoils around mining and smelting sites, which release massive amounts of heavy metals into the environment. Furthermore, heavy metal contamination and related hazards posed by Pb, Cd, As, and Hg are more severe to plants, soil organisms, and humans. It’s worth observing that kids are particularly vulnerable to Pb toxicity. And this review also provides novel approaches to control and reduce the impacts of heavy metal pollution. Hydrometallurgy offers a potential method for extracting metals and removing potentially harmful heavy metals from waste to reduce pollution. However, environmentally friendly remediation of contaminated sites is a significant challenge. This paper also evaluates current technological advancements in the remediation of polluted soil, such as stabilization/solidification, natural attenuation, electrokinetic remediation, soil washing, and phytoremediation. The ability of biological approaches, especially phytoremediation, is cost-effective and favorable to the environment.

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Section: Evaluation Of Heavy Metal Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of Heavy Metal Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Heavy Metals Pollution in the Soil of Smelting Sites in China

Adnan

Xiao

et al. 2022

Toxics

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“…Hg might come from battery and electronic industries emissions [48]. As could harm the respiratory system [49], and Ni and Hg could cause brain damage [50]. Therefore, before industrial land was converted into residential land or parkland, systematic health risk assessment was necessary.…”

Section: Effects Of Land-use Covers On Groundwater Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identify Priority Control Pollutants and Areas of Groundwater in an Old Metropolitan Industrial Area—A Case Study of Putuo, Shanghai, China

Yuan

Wang

2022

Water

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Industrial activities have raised widespread concerns about groundwater pollution and human health. Shanghai’s industrial land has been polluting the groundwater for more than 30 years; however, it is not clear whether it poses a risk to human health. This study explores the health risk degree in different groups of groundwater in old industrial areas in Shanghai, China. We selected eight heavy metal elements (As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg, Pb, Cu, and Zn) as the research objects and analyzed the characteristics of concentrations and spatial distribution using single factor index and geostatistical analytical methods. Results indicated that the average concentrations of As and Hg were higher than the environmental standards. Meanwhile, As, Ni, Hg and Pb in groundwater were notable anthropogenic inputs. Compared with irrigation cropland, the pollution of Ni, Pb and As in industrial land was obviously more serious. In addition, the health risk assessment results indicated the priority control pollutants of non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk are As and Cr, respectively. Our results showed that human activities have deeply increased heavy metal concentrations in groundwater, which in turn poses risks to human health. These findings provide scientific support for urban managers to reduce residents’ drinking water risks.

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“…Those devices are made of different alloys which can contain several metals including titanium, Ni, Co, chromium, iron, aluminum, vanadium and Pd among others [54,55]. The ingestion of metals via food and water is the dominant source of human metal exposure [56,57]. An allergic reaction can be triggered by dietary metal exposure in already sensitized individuals.…”

Section: Exposure Epidemiology and Regulatory Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Mechanisms of Metal Allergies and the Nickel-Specific TCR-pMHC Interface

Riedel

Aparicio‐Soto

Curato

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Besides having physiological functions and general toxic effects, many metal ions can cause allergic reactions in humans. We here review the immune events involved in the mediation of metal allergies. We focus on nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and palladium (Pd), because these allergens are among the most prevalent sensitizers (Ni, Co) and immediate neighbors in the periodic table of the chemical elements. Co-sensitization between Ni and the other two metals is frequent while the knowledge on a possible immunological cross-reactivity using in vivo and in vitro approaches remains limited. At the center of an allergic reaction lies the capability of a metal allergen to form T cell epitopes that are recognized by specific T cell receptors (TCR). Technological advances such as activation-induced marker assays and TCR high-throughput sequencing recently provided new insights into the interaction of Ni2+ with the αβ TCR-peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) interface. Ni2+ functionally binds to the TCR gene segment TRAV9-2 or a histidine in the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3), the main antigen binding region. Thus, we overview known, newly identified and hypothesized mechanisms of metal-specific T cell activation and discuss current knowledge on cross-reactivity.

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Risk factors and assessment strategies for the evaluation of human or environmental risk from metal(loid)s – A focus on Ireland

Cited by 51 publications

References 73 publications

Research Progress on Heavy Metals Pollution in the Soil of Smelting Sites in China

Research Progress on Heavy Metals Pollution in the Soil of Smelting Sites in China

Identify Priority Control Pollutants and Areas of Groundwater in an Old Metropolitan Industrial Area—A Case Study of Putuo, Shanghai, China

Immunological Mechanisms of Metal Allergies and the Nickel-Specific TCR-pMHC Interface

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