Risk Factor Profiles Differ for Cancers of Different Regions of the Colorectum

Wang, Liang; Lo, Chun‐Han; He, Xiaosheng; Hang, Dong; Wang, Molin; Wu, Kana; Chan, Andrew T.; Ogino, Shuji; Giovannucci, Edward; Song, Mingyang

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.054

Cited by 74 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…40 Moreover, compared to CRCs arising from conventional adenomas, serrated CRCs may be more strongly associated with inflammatory factors, pro-tumor immune suppression and alterations in the gut microbiome (eg, enrichment of Fusobacterium nucleatum). 15,[41][42][43] We found a suggestive association for DGLA and EDA with lower risk of advanced adenomas. DGLA is a substrate of prostaglandinendoperoxide synthase 2, giving rise to prostaglandin E1 (PGE 1 ), an inflammation-suppressing eicosanoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Moreover, recent experimental evidence indicates that decreased tissue n−6/n−3 ratio leads to beneficial changes in the gut microbiota and microbial functional pathways, thereby suppressing the development of metabolic endotoxemia and chronic low‐grade inflammation that has been implicated in cancer development 40 . Moreover, compared to CRCs arising from conventional adenomas, serrated CRCs may be more strongly associated with inflammatory factors, pro‐tumor immune suppression and alterations in the gut microbiome (eg, enrichment of Fusobacterium nucleatum ) 15,41‐43 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A prospective study of erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal serrated polyps and conventional adenomas

Wang

Hang

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on risk of colorectal cancer precursors remains largely unknown. We examined the associations of erythrocyte PUFAs, including n−3 and n−6 PUFAs, with risk of colorectal conventional adenomas and serrated polyps in 4517 participants from three US prospective cohorts who had provided a blood sample and undergone at least one endoscopic examination. We calculated the multivariable odds ratios (ORs) per 1 SD increment in individual PUFAs and the ratio of n−6/n−3 PUFAs. We considered P < .005 statistically significant to account for multiple testing. During a median of 20 years of follow-up, we documented 493 conventional adenomas and 316 serrated polyps. After adjusting for various CRC risk factors, no associations for PUFAs achieved the stringent statistical significance for either conventional adenomas or serrated polyps (ORs per 1 SD ranged from 0.90 to 1.14). Some associations achieved nominal significance (P < .05), including the association of dihomogammalinolenic acid (DGLA)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study of erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal serrated polyps and conventional adenomas

Wang

Hang

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Depending on location (proximal colon, distal colon and rectum), colorectal cancer varies in terms of etiology and sensitivity to specific risk factors [ 49 , 105 ]. Only 1–2% of cases have been associated with ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease and inflammatory conditions [ 106 ], while modifiable lifestyle factors, typical of industrialized countries (tobacco smoking, physical inactivity, red/processed meat and alcohol consumption, low intake of fruits and vegetables), are long-established risk factors [ 107 ].…”

Section: Whole Grains and Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Whole Grain Intake on Gastrointestinal Tumors: A Focus on Colorectal, Gastric, and Esophageal Cancers

et al. 2020

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Cereals are one of staple foods in human diet, mainly consumed as refined grains. Nonetheless, epidemiological data indicate that whole grain (WG) intake is inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and several cancer types, as well as to all-cause mortality. Particularly responsive to WG positive action is the gastrointestinal tract, daily exposed to bioactive food components. Herein, we shall provide an up-to-date overview on relationship between WG intake and prevention of gastrointestinal tumors, with a particular focus on colorectal, stomach, and esophagus cancers. Unlike refined counterparts, WG consumption is inversely associated with risk of these gastrointestinal cancers, most consistently with the risk of colorectal tumor. Some WG effects may be mediated by beneficial constituents (such as fiber and polyphenols) that are reduced/lost during milling process. Beside health-promoting action, WGs are still under-consumed in most countries; therefore, World Health Organization and other public/private stakeholders should cooperate to implement WG consumption in the whole population, in order to reach nutritionally effective intakes.

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“…Patients were included according to the following criteria: (1) pathologically confirmed primary CRC; (2) no other synchronous malignancy; (3) sufficient data regarding the analyzed clinicopathological characteristics; (4) no distant metastasis (M0) before operation; (5) no preoperative treatment (radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy); (6) no history of cancer surgery; (7) pathologically negative resection margins (R0 resection); and (8) postoperative survival ≥ 1 month. Preoperative neoadjuvant therapy may have complex and profound impacts on inflammatory and nutritional factors, and we therefore only explored the prognostic values of preoperative inflammatory and nutritional markers in patients with curable CRC who had not received preoperative neoadjuvant therapy.…”

Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Values of Preoperative Inflammatory and Nutritional Markers for Colorectal Cancer

Zhang

Ning²,

Guo

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

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Background: Increasing evidence indicates that inflammation and nutritional status are associated with survival outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the prognostic values of preoperative inflammatory and nutritional factors and develop a prognostic model individually predicting overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with CRC. Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients with CRC who underwent radical surgery. Independent prognostic inflammatory and nutritional markers were identified and novel prognostic models were developed incorporating the identified factors. The discriminative ability and model-fitting performance were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves and Akaike information criteria. Clinical usefulness was assessed by decision curve analysis. Results: A total of 400 eligible patients were identified. Multivariate analysis identified pN stage, tumor differentiation grade, neutrophil count, and body mass index as independent prognostic factors for OS, and pN stage, tumor differentiation grade, neutrophil count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and serum albumin as prognostic factors for DFS. The combined inflammatory and nutritional prognostic model showed better discriminative ability, model-fitting performance, and net benefits than the inflammatory and nutritional models alone, and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th TNM classification for predicting OS and DFS.

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Risk Factor Profiles Differ for Cancers of Different Regions of the Colorectum

Cited by 74 publications

References 78 publications

A prospective study of erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal serrated polyps and conventional adenomas

A prospective study of erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal serrated polyps and conventional adenomas

The Impact of Whole Grain Intake on Gastrointestinal Tumors: A Focus on Colorectal, Gastric, and Esophageal Cancers

Prognostic Values of Preoperative Inflammatory and Nutritional Markers for Colorectal Cancer

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